Yook, Jeong In (2024). The Role of Attention in Predictive Visual Motion Processing. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
PDF (Dissertation)
7387370_YOOK_Final_thesis.pdf Bereitstellung unter der CC-Lizenz: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (12MB) |
Abstract
Our visual world presents us with an abundance of sensory information, yet only a subset can be processed due to the inherent capacity limitations on attention and perception. Prediction and attention are two cognitive processes that assist in making sense of dynamic information: prediction utilizes prior information to guide the processing of new sensory information, while attention selectively enhances the processing of information relevant to behavior. This thesis aimed to explore the relationship between prediction and attention in shaping our perception of moving objects, using a combination of psychophysics and electrophysiological approaches coupled with attentional manipulations. In Chapter 2, we explored how predictions manifest in perception through the flash-lag effect, where a static stimulus appears to lag a behind a continuously moving object despite being physically aligned. We show that this perceptual discrepancy arises from the brain’s extrapolation of motion to compensate for neural processing delays. Additionally, we found that the magnitude of the illusion systematically varies with the perceived speed of motion, underscoring the explicit representation of velocity in predictively encoding the position of moving objects. Following this, in Chapter 3, we investigated how attention influences predictions in dynamic environments involving multiple moving objects. We revealed that divided attention among multiple stimuli leads to a stronger flash-lag effect compared to when attention is focused on a single stimulus. This suggests that when the task demands monitoring of multiple moving objects simultaneously, attention serves to guide extrapolation to efficiently compensate for accumulated delays in processing these objects with limited attentional resources. Finally, in Chapter 4, we employed multivariate pattern analyses on EEG data to examine the neural evidence of motion extrapolation within competing stimulus streams. We discovered that when a stream is attended, sensory-like representations of a stimulus’ future position can be driven solely by prediction. Conversely, when the stream is ignored, the representation of its future position is consistent only with stimulus presentation. This implies that attention allocates all processing resources towards anticipating the future positions of task-relevant objects, thereby enhancing perception and behavioral performance while suppressing distractors. Taken together, this research illuminates how attention may be strategically allocated to guide extrapolation to achieve an efficient monitoring of multiple moving stimuli or accurate encoding of task-relevant stimuli. This serves to facilitate successful navigation within dynamic visual environments. I discuss the relationship between prediction and attention within a comprehensive framework consistent with predictive coding theories.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
Translated abstract: |
|
||||||||
Creators: |
|
||||||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-734623 | ||||||||
Date: | 24 February 2024 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Human Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Human Sciences > Department Psychologie | ||||||||
Subjects: | Psychology | ||||||||
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
|
||||||||
Date of oral exam: | 5 July 2024 | ||||||||
Referee: |
|
||||||||
Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/73462 |
Downloads
Downloads per month over past year
Export
Actions (login required)
View Item |