Heuten, Elena Lara
(2025).
Investigation of PINK1 cleavage and trafficking using novel PARL-targeted α-ketoamide-based inhibitors.
PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control is a critical component of cellular homeostasis. The serine/threonine kinase PINK1 plays a pivotal role in maintaining a healthy pool of mitochondria. Under normal conditions, PINK1 is imported into intact polarized mitochondria, where it is cleaved by the inner mitochondrial rhomboid protease PARL and subsequently rapidly degraded via the proteasome. However, under circumstances such as depolarized mitochondria, uncleaved PINK1 accumulates at the outer mitochondrial membrane, initiating PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy to remove the damaged organelle. Despite PINK1’s importance, many aspects regarding the regulation of PARL activity, PINK1 cleavage and localization under physiological conditions remain unclear. A major challenge in investigating these processes is the reliance on depolarizing agents or time-consuming PARL knockdowns or knockouts, which bear the risk of masking other mitochondrial pathways and mechanisms. Specific PARL inhibitors, which would mitigate these problems, are so far lacking. In this thesis, I establish a novel PARL-targeted group of α-ketoamide-based inhibitors by validating them using two PARL substrates, PGAM5 and PINK1, in human cell models. I demonstrate that these inhibitors exhibit high potency, do not disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential, and are largely non-toxic at appropriate concentrations, making them well-suited for future research applications. Furthermore, I show that PARL inhibition results in alternative PINK1 cleavage fates and different submitochondrial localizations, leading also to PINK1 accumulation at the outer mitochondrial membrane and causing Parkin recruitment, a hallmark of mitophagy. Notably, I reveal PARL inhibition as a novel trigger for OMA1-mediated cleavage of PINK1 and uncover the interactions between PINK1 and the TOM and TIM23 import complexes upon PARL inhibition. Taken together, these inhibitors open up new investigative strategies for advancing PARL research. My establishment and application of the novel PARL inhibitors has illuminated PINK1 processing and its downstream pathways, highlighting PARL as a dynamic regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-754130 | ||||||||||||||||||
Date: | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Biochemie > Zentrum für Biochemie | ||||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||||||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 11 March 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/75413 |
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