Friese, Ulrich Peer ORCID: 0000-0002-5284-9407
(2025).
The Role of Evolution and Its Impact on the
Efficacy of Molecular Targeted Cancer
Therapy.
PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Targeted cancer therapy leverages our understanding of genetic driver mutations in tumors to select appropriate drugs that disrupt the specific molecular abnormalities driving tumor growth. While these therapies can initially induce significant tumor shrinkage, their effectiveness is often short-lived as resistance mechanisms frequently emerge, limiting their therapeutic long-term success. From a population dynamics perspective, the failure of targeted monotherapy is anticipated: within the inherently heterogeneous population of tumor cells, some cells naturally harbor mutations that confer resistance, reflecting the tumor’s genetic diversity. As treatment progresses, selective pressure favors these resistant cells, driving tumor evolution toward a population that is unaffected by the initial therapy. Additionally, an alternative, epigenetic-based mechanism—the drug-tolerant persister state—allows cancer cells to endure extended treatment periods. If therapy is halted early, these DTPs can reignite tumor evolution, leading to recurrence of the disease. Effective targeted cancer therapies must address both: genetic resistance and persistence mechanisms. To demonstrate this principle, we analyzed the EGFR-driven non-small cell lung cancer cell line PC9, expanded our understanding of resistance mechanisms and strategies to treat them. We further studied the drug-tolerant persisters in this cell line and developed three strategies to eliminate them. Successful targeting of both resistant cells and persisters requires either a polytherapy or an alternating therapy schedule using subsets of drugs sequentially. We introduce a population dynamic model to evaluate the costs associated with different therapy schedules, enabling optimization of treatment schedules for heterogeneous cell populations by balancing treatment durations. This general model allows to built upon knowledge of the evolution of heterogeneous cell population to minimize treatment duration as well as minimizing the risk of developing new resistance mechanisms.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-789239 | ||||||||
Date: | 2025 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institut für Biologische Physik | ||||||||
Subjects: | Physics | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 20 February 2025 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/78923 |
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