Langkau, Manuel (2018). Echoes in motion: An acoustic camera (DIDSON) as a monitoring tool in applied freshwater ecology. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Aquatic environments are increasingly faced with anthropogenic impact. Rivers have been fully developed into navigable waterways resulting in a dramatic loss of habitats and longitudinal and horizontal disconnection. Human sewage polluted rivers and in addition with overfishing and a rising recreational use, most European diadromous fish species have suffered and can be graded as vulnerable. Species-conservation and re-stocking projects support to save diverse fish communities. Capable monitoring- and assessment tools are urgent, given that knowledge is the key for sustainable management. The DIDSON, a multibeam sonar, delivers video-like live images in high resolution, enabling the measurement of fish length and behavioral observations even in turbid water and by night in a non-invasive manner. It could be shown that a special application of the sonar offers potential to discriminate fish species based on their characteristic acoustic shadows. Beside the possibility to count and measure fish and to observe their behavior this provides additional valuable information in certain monitoring applications. New insights in the spawning behavior of Alosa Alosa could be revealed on a spawning site in the Garonne River, France. It could be observed that spawning events are not restricted to one couple since additional individuals join. Drifting clouds of sexual products and micro bubbles could be detected with the sonar and were consistent with the number of sound based spawning measurements (by human hearing) and thus served as an indicator for spawning activity. A mid- term application of the sonar in front of a trash rack of a hydro power plant demonstrated the potential to gain knowledge in the field of spatial ecology of fish with high temporal resolution. An hourly fish abundance raster was chosen as a measure of fish activity to intuitively illustrate alternating diel and seasonal activity patterns at a glance. Distinct patterns and migration peaks of three groups ‘fish’, ‘eels’ and ‘shoals’ could be identified. The size class potentially at risk to pass the trash rack, was faced the power production data to identify time windows of higher and lower risk of entrainment and respective fish protection requirements.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-82855 | ||||||||
Date: | 2018 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Zoologisches Institut | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences Technology (Applied sciences) |
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Date of oral exam: | 26 February 2018 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/8285 |
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