Zajacek, Michal ORCID: 0000-0001-6450-1187 (2018). Interaction between interstellar medium and black hole environment. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Studying the interaction between the interstellar medium and the black hole environment on the parsec scale is of crucial importance in the full understanding of galaxy evolution. Since the Galactic Centre is the closest galactic nucleus, it offers us the unique possibility to observationally study the dynamics of individual stars as well as the properties of the Nuclear Star Cluster as a whole. This thesis deals with the transition region where the complex interstellar medium in the Galactic Centre meets a rather simple object at the very centre -- most probably a black hole of $4\times 10^6$ Solar masses characterized by only three classical parameters: mass, spin, and electric charge. Recently, a NIR-excess object named DSO/G2 was detected that is moving on a highly eccentric orbit, with the pericentre reached in 2014 at $\sim 2000$ Schwarzschild radii. The monitoring, the analysis of NIR data, and the comparison with models have provided an unprecedented opportunity to constrain the properties of previously unexplored region around Sgr~A* as well as to determine the nature of this enigmatic source. In a series of papers, we explored the dynamics of different scenarios for DSO/G2, its interaction with the ambient medium close to the Galactic centre, and the radiative properties of its NIR continuum emission. The main findings include the asymmetry of the stellar bow-shock evolution along the orbit when the outflow from the Galactic centre is present. Subsequently, using polarimetry measurements and 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer, we were able to set up a model of a young star with a non-spherical dusty envelope that can explain its compactness, NIR-excess as well as its linearly polarized emission. Finally, we explore a possibility that the DSO and objects with similar characteristics could be candidates for young neutron stars that should be observable in NIR bands with current and future facilities, which can help to resolve the ``missing pulsar paradox''. Approaching the innermost region of the Galactic Centre, we explore the problem of an electric charge associated with Sgr~A*, which is assumed to be zero in most studies. We found that a stable charge can be maintained by several mechanisms. One of the most promising ones is the charging due to the rotating black hole that is immersed in a uniform magnetic field. Realistic values of the charge that we calculated do not influence space-time metric, but can significantly influence the dynamics of plasma in the vicinity of the Galactic centre. Furthermore, we also propose a novel observational test for detecting the signature of the charge using a bremsstrahlung brightness distribution.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-86577 | ||||||||
Date: | 2 October 2018 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute of Physics I | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Physics |
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Date of oral exam: | 12 October 2017 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/8657 |
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