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Fu, Wanlu and Gagl, Benjamin ORCID: 0000-0002-2339-6293 (2025). Specifying Precision in Visual-orthographic Prediction Error Representations for a Better Understanding of Efficient Reading. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 37 (8). pp. 1349-1363. MIT Press Journals. ISSN 0898-929X

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Abstract

Abstract: Efficient visual word recognition presumably relies on orthographic prediction error (oPE) representations. On the basis of a transparent neurocognitive computational model rooted in the principles of the predictive coding framework, we postulated that readers optimize their percept by removing redundant visual signals, allowing them to focus on the informative aspects of the sensory input (i.e., the oPE). Here, we explore alternative oPE implementations, testing whether increased precision by assuming all-or-nothing signaling and more realistic word lexicons results in adequate representations underlying efficient word recognition. We used behavioral and electrophysiological data (i.e., EEG) for model evaluation. More precise oPE representations (i.e., implementing a binary signaling and a frequency-sorted lexicon with the 500 most common five-letter words) explained variance in behavioral responses and electrophysiological data 300 msec after stimulus onset best. The original less-precise oPE representation still best explains early brain activation. This pattern suggests a dynamic adaption of represented visual-orthographic information, where initial graded prediction errors convert into binary representations, allowing accurate retrieval of word meaning. These results offer a neurocognitive plausible account of efficient word recognition, emphasizing visual-orthographic information in the form of prediction error representations central to the transition from perceptual processing to the access of word meaning.

Item Type:	Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Fu, Wanlu UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gagl, Benjamin UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-6293 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-793498
Identification Number:	10.1162/jocn_a_02301
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Volume:	37
Number:	8
Page Range:	pp. 1349-1363
Number of Pages:	15
Date:	1 August 2025
Publisher:	MIT Press Journals
ISSN:	0898-929X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Human Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Human Sciences > Department Heilpädagogik und Rehabilitation
Subjects:	Education
['eprint_fieldname_oa_funders' not defined]:	Publikationsfonds UzK
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/79349