Universität zu Köln

Burst, Volker Rolf ORCID: 0000-0002-0256-6628 and Suárez, Victor ORCID: 0000-0003-4781-6480 (2026). Hyponatraemic encephalopathy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 40 (1). pp. 1-12. Elsevier. ISSN 1521690X

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Abstract

[Artikel-Nr.: 102062] The most important clinical feature of hyponatraemia is its effect on the central nervous system. It is crucial to be familiar with the pathophysiological concepts of hypotonic stress and the various defence mechanisms against it. In many cases, the signs and symptoms associated with hyponatraemia are mild and will go undiscovered by both physician and patient. In some situations, however, the complications are severe and may lead to irreversible damage to the brain. The time course as well as the magnitude of the decline of sodium levels determine the severity of symptoms. Development of hyponatraemia within less than 48 h is called acute hyponatraemia and is associated with a more severe clinical picture while chronic hyponatraemia is often less dramatic. In this chapter, the acute and chronic changes and perturbations of the central nervous system in hyponatraemia as well as their clinical presentation – summarized as hyponatraemic encephalopathy – will be reviewed.

Item Type:	Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Burst, Volker Rolf UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0256-6628 UNSPECIFIED Suárez, Victor UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-6480 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-812675
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.beem.2025.102062
Journal or Publication Title:	Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume:	40
Number:	1
Page Range:	pp. 1-12
Number of Pages:	12
Date:	January 2026
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	1521690X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Chirurgie > Abteilung Unfallchirurgie (Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie) Faculty of Medicine > Innere Medizin > Klinik II für Innere Medizin - Nephrologie, Rheumatologie, Diabetologie und Allgemeine Innere Medizin
Subjects:	Medical sciences Medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language hyponatraemic encephalopathy ; brain oedema ; organic osmolytes ; neurocognition ; electrolyte depletion ; glutamate English
['eprint_fieldname_oa_funders' not defined]:	Publikationsfonds UzK
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/81267