Ahmadi, A., Beuther, H., Mottram, J. C., Bosco, F., Linz, H., Henning, Th, Winters, J. M., Kuiper, R., Pudritz, R., Sanchez-Monge, A., Keto, E., Beltran, M., Bontemps, S., Cesaroni, R., Csengeri, T., Feng, S., Galvan-Madrid, R., Johnston, K. G., Klaassen, P., Leurini, S., Longmore, S. N., Lumsden, S., Maud, L. T., Menten, K. M., Moscadelli, L., Motte, F., Palau, A., Peters, T., Ragan, S. E., Schilke, P., Urquhart, J. S., Wyrowski, F. and Zinnecker, H. (2018). Core fragmentation and Toomre stability analysis of W3(H2O) A case study of the IRAM NOEMA large program CORE. Astron. Astrophys., 618. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. The fragmentation mode of high-mass molecular clumps and the properties of the central rotating structures surrounding the most luminous objects have yet to be comprehensively characterised. Aims. We study the fragmentation and kinematics of the high-mass star-forming region W3(H2O), as part of the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) large programme CORE. Methods. Using the IRAM NOEMA and the IRAM 30 m telescope, the CORE survey has obtained high-resolution observations of 20 well-known highly luminous star-forming regions in the 1.37 mm wavelength regime in both line and dust continuum emission. Results. We present the spectral line setup of the CORE survey and a case study for W3(H2O). At similar to 0 ''.35 (700 AU at 2.0 kpc) resolution, the W3(H2O) clump fragments into two cores (west and east), separated by similar to 2300 AU. Velocity shifts of a few km s(-1) are observed in the dense-gas tracer, CH3CN, across both cores, consistent with rotation and perpendicular to the directions of two bipolar outflows, one emanating from each core. The kinematics of the rotating structure about W3(H2O) W shows signs of differential rotation of material, possibly in a disk-like object. The observed rotational signature around W3(H2O) E may be due to a disk-like object, an unresolved binary (or multiple) system, or a combination of both. We fit the emission of CH3CN (12(K) -11 (K)), K = 4-6 and derive a gas temperature map with a median temperature of similar to 165 K across W3(H2O). We create a Toomre Q map to study the stability of the rotating structures against gravitational instability. The rotating structures appear to be Toomre unstable close to their outer boundaries, with a possibility of further fragmentation in the differentially rotating core, W3(H2O) W. Rapid cooling in the Toomre unstable regions supports the fragmentation scenario. Conclusions. Combining millimetre dust continuum and spectral line data toward the famous high-mass star-forming region W3(H2O), we identify core fragmentation on large scales, and indications for possible disk fragmentation on smaller spatial scales.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Ahmadi, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beuther, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mottram, J. C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bosco, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Linz, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henning, ThUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Winters, J. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kuiper, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pudritz, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sanchez-Monge, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Keto, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beltran, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bontemps, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cesaroni, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Csengeri, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Feng, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Galvan-Madrid, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johnston, K. G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Klaassen, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Leurini, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Longmore, S. N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lumsden, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maud, L. T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Menten, K. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Moscadelli, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Motte, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palau, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Peters, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ragan, S. E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schilke, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Urquhart, J. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wyrowski, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zinnecker, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-169416
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201732548
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. Astrophys.
Volume: 618
Date: 2018
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication: LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN: 1432-0746
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR CLOUD CORE; H2O MASER SOURCE; H-II REGIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; SYNCHROTRON EMISSION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; COLOGNE DATABASE; METHYL CYANIDE; ACCRETIONMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/16941

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