Krug, Oliver, Thomas, Andreas ORCID: 0000-0003-1199-0743, Malerod-Fjeld, Helle, Dehnes, Yvette, Laussmann, Tim
ORCID: 0000-0002-0180-3513, Feldmann, Ingo, Sickmann, Albert
ORCID: 0000-0002-2388-5265 and Thevis, Mario
(2018).
Analysis of new growth promoting black market products.
Growth Horm. IGF Res., 41.
S. 1 - 7.
EDINBURGH:
CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE.
ISSN 1532-2238
Abstract
Detecting agents allegedly or evidently promoting growth such as human growth hormone (GH) or growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP) in doping controls has represented a pressing issue for sports drug testing laboratories. While GH is a recombinant protein with a molecular weight of 22 kDa, the GHRPs are short (3-6 amino acids long) peptides with GH releasing properties. The endogenously produced GH (22 kDa isoform) consists of 191 amino acids and has a monoisotopic molecular mass of 22,124 Da. Within this study, a slightly modified form of GH was discovered consisting of 192 amino acids carrying an additional alanine at the N terminus, leading to a monoisotopic mass of 22,195 Da. This was confirmed by top-down and bottom-up experiments using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometry. Additionally, three analogues of GHRPs were identified as Gly-GHRP-6, Gly-GHRP-2 and Gly-Ipamorelin, representing the corresponding GHRP extended by a N-terminal glycine residue. The structure of these peptides was characterised by means of high resolution (tandem) mass spectrometry, and for Gly-Ipamorelin and Gly-GHRP-2 their identity was additionally confirmed by custom synthesis. Further, established in-vitro experiments provided preliminary information considering the potential metabolism after administration.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creators: |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-178241 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.05.001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Growth Horm. IGF Res. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Volume: | 41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page Range: | S. 1 - 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Date: | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Publisher: | CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Place of Publication: | EDINBURGH | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 1532-2238 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Unspecified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Unspecified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | no entry | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/17824 |
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