Fridlund, Malcolm ORCID: 0000-0002-0855-8426, Gaidos, Eric ORCID: 0000-0002-5258-6846, Barragan, Oscar ORCID: 0000-0003-0563-0493, Persson, Carina M., Gandolfi, Davide ORCID: 0000-0001-8627-9628, Cabrera, Juan ORCID: 0000-0001-6653-5487, Hirano, Teruyuki, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Csizmadia, Sz., Nowak, Grzegorz ORCID: 0000-0002-7031-7754, Endl, Michael, Grziwa, Sascha, Korth, Judith ORCID: 0000-0002-0076-6239, Pfaff, Jeremias, Bitsch, Bertram, Johansen, Anders, Mustill, Alexander J., Davies, Melvyn B., Deeg, Hans J., Palle, Enric, Cochran, William D., Eigmueller, Philipp, Erikson, Anders, Guenther, Eike, Hatzes, Artie P., Kiilerich, Amanda, Kudo, Tomoyuki, MacQueen, Phillip, Narita, Norio, Nespral, David, Paetzold, Martin, Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, Rauer, Heike and Van Eylen, Vincent ORCID: 0000-0001-5542-8870 (2017). K2-111 b - a short period super-Earth transiting a metal poor, evolved old star. Astron. Astrophys., 604. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. From a light curve acquired through the K2 space mission, the star K2-111(EPIC 210894022) has been identified as possibly orbited by a transiting planet. Aims. Our aim is to confirm the planetary nature of the object and derive its fundamental parameters. Methods. We analyse the light curve variations during the planetary transit using packages developed specifically for exoplanetary transits. Reconnaissance spectroscopy and radial velocity observations have been obtained using three separate telescope and spectrograph combinations. The spectroscopic synthesis package SME has been used to derive the stellar photospheric parameters that were used as input to various stellar evolutionary tracks in order to derive the parameters of the system. The planetary transit was also validated to occur on the assumed host star through adaptive imaging and statistical analysis. Results. The star is found to be located in the background of the Hyades cluster at a distance at least 4 times further away from Earth than the cluster itself. The spectrum and the space velocities of K2-111 strongly suggest it to be a member of the thick disk population. The co-added high-resolution spectra show that that it is a metal poor ([Fe / H] = 0 : 53 +/- 0 : 05 dex) and f alpha-rich somewhat evolved solar-like star of spectral type G3. We find T-eff = 5730 +/- 50 K, log(g star) = 4 : 15 +/- 0 : 1 cgs, and derive a radius of R-star = 1 : 3 +/- 0 : 1 R-circle plus and a mass of M ? = 0 : 88 +/- 0 : 02 M fi. The currently available radial velocity data confirms a super-Earth class planet with a mass of 8 : 6 +/- 3 : 9 M +/- and a radius of 1 : 9 +/- 0 : 2 R-circle plus. A second more massive object with a period longer than about 120 days is indicated by a long-term radial velocity drift. Conclusions. The radial velocity detection together with the imaging confirms with a high level of significance that the transit signature is caused by a planet orbiting the star K2-111. This planet is also confirmed in the radial velocity data. A second more massive object (planet, brown dwarf, or star) has been detected in the radial velocity signature. With an age of greater than or similar to 10 Gyr this system is one of the oldest where planets are hitherto detected. Further studies of this planetary system are important since it contains information about the planetary formation process during a very early epoch of the history of our Galaxy.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Fridlund, MalcolmUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0855-8426UNSPECIFIED
Gaidos, EricUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-5258-6846UNSPECIFIED
Barragan, OscarUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-0563-0493UNSPECIFIED
Persson, Carina M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, DavideUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-8627-9628UNSPECIFIED
Cabrera, JuanUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-6653-5487UNSPECIFIED
Hirano, TeruyukiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kuzuhara, MasayukiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Csizmadia, Sz.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nowak, GrzegorzUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-7031-7754UNSPECIFIED
Endl, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grziwa, SaschaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Korth, JudithUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0076-6239UNSPECIFIED
Pfaff, JeremiasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bitsch, BertramUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johansen, AndersUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mustill, Alexander J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Davies, Melvyn B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deeg, Hans J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palle, EnricUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cochran, William D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eigmueller, PhilippUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Erikson, AndersUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Guenther, EikeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hatzes, Artie P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kiilerich, AmandaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kudo, TomoyukiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
MacQueen, PhillipUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Narita, NorioUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nespral, DavidUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paetzold, MartinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Prieto-Arranz, JorgeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rauer, HeikeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Van Eylen, VincentUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-5542-8870UNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-222483
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201730822
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. Astrophys.
Volume: 604
Date: 2017
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication: LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN: 1432-0746
Language: English
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions: Externe Einrichtungen > An-Institute > Associated Institutes of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research - RIU
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
COOL DWARF STARS; HOT JUPITER; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; BALMER LINES; K-DWARF; PLANET; KEPLER; CANDIDATES; ORBIT; PARAMETERSMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/22248

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