Universität zu Köln

Timper, Katharina and Bruening, Jens C. (2017). Hypothalamic circuits regulating appetite and energy homeostasis: pathways to obesity. Dis. Model. Mech., 10 (6). S. 679 - 690. CAMBRIDGE: COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD. ISSN 1754-8411

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Abstract

The 'obesity epidemic' represents amajor global socioeconomic burden that urgently calls for a better understanding of the underlying causes of increased weight gain and its associated metabolic comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Improving our understanding of the cellular basis of obesity could set the stage for the development of new therapeutic strategies. The CNS plays a pivotal role in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis. Distinct neuronal cell populations, particularly within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, sense the nutrient status of the organism and integrate signals from peripheral hormones including pancreas-derived insulin and adipocyte-derived leptin to regulate calorie intake, glucose metabolism and energy expenditure. The arcuate neurons are tightly connected to other specialized neuronal subpopulations within the hypothalamus, but also to various extrahypothalamic brain regions, allowing a coordinated behavioral response. This At a Glance article gives an overview of the recent knowledge, mainly derived from rodent models, regarding the CNS-dependent regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis, and illustrates how dysregulation of the neuronal networks involved can lead to overnutrition and obesity. The potential impact of recent research findings in the field on therapeutic treatment strategies for human obesity is also discussed.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Timper, Katharina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bruening, Jens C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-229653
DOI:	10.1242/dmm.026609
Journal or Publication Title:	Dis. Model. Mech.
Volume:	10
Number:	6
Page Range:	S. 679 - 690
Date:	2017
Publisher:	COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
Place of Publication:	CAMBRIDGE
ISSN:	1754-8411
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR AGONIST; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; SYSTEMIC INSULIN SENSITIVITY; CONGENITAL LEPTIN DEFICIENCY; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; BODY-WEIGHT REGULATION; EARLY-ONSET OBESITY Multiple languages Cell Biology; Pathology Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/22965