Universität zu Köln

Banaschewski, Tobias, Becker, Katja ORCID: 0000-0003-4858-5127, Doepfner, Manfred, Holtmann, Martin, Roesler, Michael and Romanos, Marcel ORCID: 0000-0001-7628-8299 (2017). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Dtsch. Arztebl. Int., 114 (9). S. 149 - 164. COLOGNE: DEUTSCHER AERZTE-VERLAG GMBH. ISSN 1866-0452

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Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, early-onset, persistent develop mental disorder of childhood and adolescence, with a prevalence of approximately 5%. Methods: This article is based on publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed with an emphasis on pertinent guidelines and systematic reviews. Results: At least 75% of affected children and adolescents develop a comorbid disorder, which impedes diagnosis and treatment and worsens prognosis. The etiology of ADHD is complex and heterogeneous, involving a major genetic component and diverse neurobiological alterations. Prenatal environmental factors also seem to elevate the risk of ADHD. The mainstays of treatment are psychoeducation, behavioral therapy, and psychoactive drugs, which generally have only mild side effects, such as insomnia or decreased appetite. The indication for treatment in the individual case is based on severity, comorbidity, previous therapy attempts, and the familial, social, and educational framework conditions. Conclusion: Translational research is needed to clarify the etiology of ADHD. Epidemiological studies published since 1987 do not reveal any increase in the prevalence of ADHD among children and adolescents. Improved diagnosis necessitates an evidence-based and need-adapted approach to treatment.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Banaschewski, Tobias UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Becker, Katja UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-4858-5127 UNSPECIFIED Doepfner, Manfred UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Holtmann, Martin UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Roesler, Michael UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Romanos, Marcel UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-8299 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-236825
DOI:	10.3238/arztebl.2017.0149
Journal or Publication Title:	Dtsch. Arztebl. Int.
Volume:	114
Number:	9
Page Range:	S. 149 - 164
Date:	2017
Publisher:	DEUTSCHER AERZTE-VERLAG GMBH
Place of Publication:	COLOGNE
ISSN:	1866-0452
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; LONG-TERM OUTCOMES; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ADULT ADHD; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOMES; INSTITUTIONAL DEPRIVATION; HYPERKINETIC DISORDER; MENTAL-DISORDERS; CONDUCT DISORDER Multiple languages Medicine, General & Internal Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/23682