Universität zu Köln

Caligiore, Daniele, Helmich, Rick C., Hallett, Mark, Moustafa, Ahmed A., Timmermann, Lars, Toni, Ivan ORCID: 0000-0003-0936-3601 and Baldassarre, Gianluca ORCID: 0000-0002-1277-4447 (2016). Parkinson's disease as a system-level disorder. npj Parkinsons Dis., 2. LONDON: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. ISSN 2373-8057

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Abstract

Traditionally, the basal ganglia have been considered the main brain region implicated in Parkinson's disease. This single area perspective gives a restricted clinical picture and limits therapeutic approaches because it ignores the influence of altered interactions between the basal ganglia and other cerebral components on Parkinsonian symptoms. In particular, the basal ganglia work closely in concert with cortex and cerebellum to support motor and cognitive functions. This article proposes a theoretical framework for understanding Parkinson's disease as caused by the dysfunction of the entire basal ganglia-cortex-cerebellum system rather than by the basal ganglia in isolation. In particular, building on recent evidence, we propose that the three key symptoms of tremor, freezing, and impairments in action sequencing may be explained by considering partially overlapping neural circuits including basal ganglia, cortical and cerebellar areas. Studying the involvement of this system in Parkinson's disease is a crucial step for devising innovative therapeutic approaches targeting it rather than only the basal ganglia. Possible future therapies based on this different view of the disease are discussed.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Caligiore, Daniele UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Helmich, Rick C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hallett, Mark UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Moustafa, Ahmed A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Timmermann, Lars UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Toni, Ivan UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-0936-3601 UNSPECIFIED Baldassarre, Gianluca UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-4447 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-255036
DOI:	10.1038/npjparkd.2016.25
Journal or Publication Title:	npj Parkinsons Dis.
Volume:	2
Date:	2016
Publisher:	NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Place of Publication:	LONDON
ISSN:	2373-8057
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DEEP BRAIN-STIMULATION; IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS; SUPPLEMENTARY MOTOR AREA; BASAL GANGLIA OUTPUT; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS; EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY; CEREBELLAR NETWORKS; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; ACTION SELECTION Multiple languages Neurosciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/25503