Universität zu Köln

Kwok, C. S., Loke, Y. K., Welch, A. A., Luben, R. N., Lentjes, M. A. H., Boekholdt, S. M., Pfister, R., Mamas, M. A., Wareham, N. J., Khaw, K. -T. and Myint, P. K. (2016). Habitual chocolate consumption and the risk of incident heart failure among healthy men and women. Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis., 26 (8). S. 722 - 735. OXFORD: ELSEVIER SCI LTD. ISSN 1590-3729

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Abstract

Background: We aimed to examine the association between chocolate intake and the risk of incident heart failure in a UK general population. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify this association. Methods and results: We used data from a prospective population-based study, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. Chocolate intake was quantified based on a food frequency questionnaire obtained at baseline (1993-1997) and incident heart failure was ascertained up to March 2009. We supplemented the primary data with a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies which evaluated risk of incident heart failure with chocolate consumption. A total of 20,922 participants (53% women; mean age 58 +/- 9 years) were included of whom 1101 developed heart failure during the follow up (mean 12.5 +/- 2.7 years, total person years 262,291 years). After adjusting for lifestyle and dietary factors, we found 19% relative reduction in heart failure incidence in the top (up to 100 g/d) compared to the bottom quintile of chocolate consumption (HR 0.81 95%CI 0.66-0.98) but the results were no longer significant after controlling for comorbidities (HR 0.87 95%CI 0.71-1.06). Additional adjustment for potential mediators did not attenuate the results further. We identified five relevant studies including the current study (N = 75,408). The pooled results showed non-significant 19% relative risk reduction of heart failure incidence with higher chocolate consumption (HR 0.81 95%CI 0.66-1.01). Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher chocolate intake is not associated with subsequent incident heart failure. (C) 2016 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kwok, C. S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Loke, Y. K. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Welch, A. A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Luben, R. N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lentjes, M. A. H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Boekholdt, S. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pfister, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mamas, M. A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wareham, N. J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Khaw, K. -T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Myint, P. K. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-269092
DOI:	10.1016/j.numecd.2016.01.003
Journal or Publication Title:	Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis.
Volume:	26
Number:	8
Page Range:	S. 722 - 735
Date:	2016
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1590-3729
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; DARK CHOCOLATE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; EPIC-NORFOLK; COCOA; INHIBITION; MORTALITY; CANCER Multiple languages Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/26909