Universität zu Köln

Reichenau, Tim G., Korres, Wolfgang, Montzka, Carsten ORCID: 0000-0003-0812-8570, Fiener, Peter ORCID: 0000-0001-6244-4705, Wilken, Florian ORCID: 0000-0003-0860-4557, Stadler, Anja, Waldhoff, Guido and Schneider, Karl ORCID: 0000-0002-4381-2151 (2016). Spatial Heterogeneity of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Its Temporal Course on Arable Land: Combining Field Measurements, Remote Sensing and Simulation in a Comprehensive Data Analysis Approach (CDAA). PLoS One, 11 (7). SAN FRANCISCO: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. ISSN 1932-6203

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Abstract

The ratio of leaf area to ground area (leaf area index, LAI) is an important state variable in ecosystem studies since it influences fluxes of matter and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere. As a basis for generating temporally continuous and spatially distributed datasets of LAI, the current study contributes an analysis of its spatial variability and spatial structure. Soil-vegetation-atmosphere fluxes of water, carbon and energy are nonlinearly related to LAI. Therefore, its spatial heterogeneity, i.e., the combination of spatial variability and structure, has an effect on simulations of these fluxes. To assess LAI spatial heterogeneity, we apply a Comprehensive Data Analysis Approach that combines data from remote sensing (5 m resolution) and simulation (150 m resolution) with field measurements and a detailed land use map. Test area is the arable land in the fertile loess plain of the Rur catchment on the Germany-Belgium-Netherlands border. LAI from remote sensing and simulation compares well with field measurements. Based on the simulation results, we describe characteristic crop-specific temporal patterns of LAI spatial variability. By means of these patterns, we explain the complex multimodal frequency distributions of LAI in the remote sensing data. In the test area, variability between agricultural fields is higher than within fields. Therefore, spatial resolutions less than the 5 m of the remote sensing scenes are sufficient to infer LAI spatial variability. Frequency distributions from the simulation agree better with the multimodal distributions from remote sensing than normal distributions do. The spatial structure of LAI in the test area is dominated by a short distance referring to field sizes. Longer distances that refer to soil and weather can only be derived from remote sensing data. Therefore, simulations alone are not sufficient to characterize LAI spatial structure. It can be concluded that a comprehensive picture of LAI spatial heterogeneity and its temporal course can contribute to the development of an approach to create spatially distributed and temporally continuous datasets of LAI.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Reichenau, Tim G. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Korres, Wolfgang UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Montzka, Carsten UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-8570 UNSPECIFIED Fiener, Peter UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-4705 UNSPECIFIED Wilken, Florian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-4557 UNSPECIFIED Stadler, Anja UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Waldhoff, Guido UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schneider, Karl UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-2151 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-270058
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0158451
Journal or Publication Title:	PLoS One
Volume:	11
Number:	7
Date:	2016
Publisher:	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Place of Publication:	SAN FRANCISCO
ISSN:	1932-6203
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language FRACTIONAL VEGETATION COVER; SOIL-MOISTURE; CROP GROWTH; CARBON FLUXES; WINTER-WHEAT; PATTERNS; VARIABILITY; SYSTEM; FOREST; ENERGY Multiple languages Multidisciplinary Sciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/27005