Universität zu Köln

Lorenzen, Anna, Scholz-Hehn, Deborah, Wiesner, Christian D., Wolff, Stephan, Bergmann, Til O., van Eimeren, Thilo ORCID: 0000-0002-6951-2325, Lentfer, Luisa, Baving, Lioba and Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander ORCID: 0000-0002-3510-9888 (2016). Chemosensory processing in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res., 76. S. 121 - 128. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 1879-1379

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

Background: In attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) not only deficits in dopamine-related cognitive functioning have been found but also a lower dopamine-sensitive olfactory threshold. The aim of the present study was to proof that only olfactory but not trigeminal sensitivity is increased in ADHD. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to show increased olfactory bulb (OB) volume- a structure which is strongly shaped by olfactory performance through the mechanism of neuroplasticity (e.g. synaptogenesis). To elucidate whether cortical mechanisms are involved in altered olfaction in ADHD, functional MRI (fMRI) was introduced. Methods: A total of 18 boys with ADHD and 17 healthy controls (aged 7-12) were included in the study. Olfactory as well as trigeminal detection thresholds were examined. OB sizes were measured by means of structural MRI and an analysis of effective functional (fMRI) coupling of primary olfactory cortex was conducted. The frontal piriform cortex (fPIR) was chosen as seed region because of its importance in processing both trigeminal and olfactory stimuli as well as having profound influence on inner OB-signaling. Results: Increased olfactory sensitivity as well as an increase in OB volume was found in ADHD. There were no group differences in sensitivity towards a trigeminal stimulus. Compared to healthy controls, the fPIR in ADHD was more positively coupled with structures belonging to the salience network during olfactory and, to a lesser extent, during trigeminal stimulation. Conclusions: Olfactory functioning is superior in subjects with ADHD. The observed increase in OB volume may relate to higher olfactory sensitivity in terms of neuroplasticity. During the processing of chemosensory stimuli, the primary olfactory cortex in ADHD is differently coupled to higher cortical structures which might indicate an altered top-down influence on OB structure and function. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Lorenzen, Anna UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Scholz-Hehn, Deborah UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wiesner, Christian D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wolff, Stephan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bergmann, Til O. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED van Eimeren, Thilo UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-2325 UNSPECIFIED Lentfer, Luisa UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Baving, Lioba UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-3510-9888 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-277932
DOI:	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.02.007
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Psychiatr. Res.
Volume:	76
Page Range:	S. 121 - 128
Date:	2016
Publisher:	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1879-1379
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language OLFACTORY-BULB VOLUME; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SALIENCE NETWORK; SYSTEM; STIMULATION; RELIABILITY; TUBERCLE; CONTEXT; SMELL; FMRI Multiple languages Psychiatry Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/27793