Nowak, M., Lacour, S., Lagrange, A. -M., Rubini, P., Wang, J., Stolker, T., Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Asensio-Torres, R., Bauboeck, M., Benisty, M., Berger, J. P., Beust, H., Blunt, S., Boccaletti, A., Bonnefoy, M., Bonnet, H., Brandner, W., Cantalloube, F., Charnay, B., Choquet, E., Christiaens, V., Clenet, Y., du Foresto, V. Coude, Cridland, A., de Zeeuw, P. T., Dembet, R., Dexter, J., Drescher, A., Duvert, G., Eckart, A., Eisenhauer, F., Gao, F., Garcia, P., Lopez, R. Garcia, Gardner, T., Gendron, E., Genzel, R., Gillessen, S., Girard, J., Grandjean, A., Haubois, X., Heissel, G., Henning, T., Hinkley, S., Hippler, S., Horrobin, M., Houlle, M., Hubert, Z., Jimenez-Rosales, A., Jocou, L., Kammerer, J., Kervella, P., Keppler, M., Kreidberg, L., Kulikauskas, M., Lapeyrere, V., Le Bouquin, J. -B., Lena, P., Merand, A., Maire, A. -L., Molliere, P., Monnier, J. D., Mouillet, D., Mueller, A., Nasedkin, E., Ott, T., Otten, G., Paumard, T., Paladini, C., Perraut, K., Perrin, G., Pueyo, L., Pfuhl, O., Rameau, J., Rodet, L., Rodriguez-Coira, G., Rousset, G., Scheithauer, S., Shangguan, J., Stadler, J., Straub, O., Straubmeier, C., Sturm, E., Tacconi, L. J., van Dishoeck, E. F., Vigan, A., Vincent, F., von Fellenberg, S. D., Ward-Duong, K., Widmann, F., Wieprecht, E., Wiezorrek, E. and Woillez, J. (2020). Direct confirmation of the radial-velocity planet beta Pictoris c. Astron. Astrophys., 642. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. Methods used to detect giant exoplanets can be broadly divided into two categories: indirect and direct. Indirect methods are more sensitive to planets with a small orbital period, whereas direct detection is more sensitive to planets orbiting at a large distance from their host star. This dichotomy makes it difficult to combine the two techniques on a single target at once.Aims. Simultaneous measurements made by direct and indirect techniques offer the possibility of determining the mass and luminosity of planets and a method of testing formation models. Here, we aim to show how long-baseline interferometric observations guided by radial-velocity can be used in such a way.Methods. We observed the recently-discovered giant planet beta Pictoris c with GRAVITY, mounted on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer.Results. This study constitutes the first direct confirmation of a planet discovered through radial velocity. We find that the planet has a temperature of T=125050 K and a dynamical mass of M=8.2 +/- 0.8 M-Jup. At 18.5 +/- 2.5 Myr, this puts beta Pic c close to a 'hot start' track, which is usually associated with formation via disk instability. Conversely, the planet orbits at a distance of 2.7 au, which is too close for disk instability to occur. The low apparent magnitude (M-K=14.3 +/- 0.1) favours a core accretion scenario.Conclusions. We suggest that this apparent contradiction is a sign of hot core accretion, for example, due to the mass of the planetary core or the existence of a high-temperature accretion shock during formation.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Nowak, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lacour, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lagrange, A. -M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rubini, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wang, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stolker, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Abuter, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Amorim, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Asensio-Torres, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bauboeck, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Benisty, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berger, J. P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beust, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Blunt, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Boccaletti, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bonnefoy, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bonnet, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brandner, W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cantalloube, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Charnay, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Choquet, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Christiaens, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Clenet, Y.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
du Foresto, V. CoudeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cridland, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
de Zeeuw, P. T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dembet, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dexter, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Drescher, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Duvert, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eckart, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eisenhauer, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gao, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Garcia, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lopez, R. GarciaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gardner, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gendron, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Genzel, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gillessen, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Girard, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grandjean, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Haubois, X.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Heissel, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henning, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hinkley, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hippler, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Horrobin, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Houlle, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hubert, Z.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jimenez-Rosales, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jocou, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kammerer, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kervella, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Keppler, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kreidberg, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kulikauskas, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lapeyrere, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Le Bouquin, J. -B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lena, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Merand, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maire, A. -L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Molliere, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Monnier, J. D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mouillet, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mueller, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nasedkin, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ott, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Otten, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paumard, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paladini, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Perraut, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Perrin, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pueyo, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pfuhl, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rameau, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rodet, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rodriguez-Coira, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rousset, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Scheithauer, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shangguan, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stadler, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Straub, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Straubmeier, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sturm, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tacconi, L. J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Dishoeck, E. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vigan, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vincent, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
von Fellenberg, S. D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ward-Duong, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Widmann, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wieprecht, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wiezorrek, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Woillez, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-315820
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039039
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. Astrophys.
Volume: 642
Date: 2020
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication: LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN: 1432-0746
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
GIANT PLANETS; BROWN DWARFS; DUST; ACCRETIONMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/31582

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