Universität zu Köln

Sevgi, Meltem, Diaconescu, Andreea O., Henco, Lara, Tittgemeyer, Marc ORCID: 0000-0001-5072-2149 and Schilbach, Leonhard ORCID: 0000-0001-5547-8309 (2020). Social Bayes: Using Bayesian Modeling to Study Autistic Trait-Related Differences in Social Cognition. Biol. Psychiatry, 87 (2). S. 185 - 194. NEW YORK: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. ISSN 1873-2402

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The autistic spectrum is characterized by profound impairments of social interaction. The exact subpersonal processes, however, that underlie the observable lack of social reciprocity are still a matter of substantial controversy. Recently, it has been suggested that the autistic spectrum might be characterized by alterations of the brain's inference about the causes of socially relevant sensory signals. METHODS: We used a novel reward-based learning task that required integration of nonsocial and social cues in conjunction with computational modeling. Thirty-six healthy subjects were selected based on their score on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), and AQ scores were assessed for correlations with cue-related model parameters and task scores. RESULTS: Individual differences in AQ scores were significantly correlated with participants' total task scores, with high AQ scorers performing more poorly in the task (r = -.39, 95% confidence interval = -0.68 to -0.13). Computational modeling of the behavioral data unmasked a learning deficit in high AQ scorers, namely, the failure to integrate social context to adapt one's belief precision -the precision afforded to prior beliefs about changing states in the world-particularly in relation to the nonsocial cue. CONCLUSIONS: More pronounced autistic traits in a group of healthy control subjects were related to lower scores associated with misintegration of the social cue. Computational modeling further demonstrated that these trait-related performance differences are not explained by an inability to process the social stimuli and their causes, but rather by the extent to which participants consider social information to infer the nonsocial cue.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Sevgi, Meltem UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Diaconescu, Andreea O. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Henco, Lara UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Tittgemeyer, Marc UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-2149 UNSPECIFIED Schilbach, Leonhard UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-8309 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-348865
DOI:	10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.09.032
Journal or Publication Title:	Biol. Psychiatry
Volume:	87
Number:	2
Page Range:	S. 185 - 194
Date:	2020
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
Place of Publication:	NEW YORK
ISSN:	1873-2402
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language ADULTS; BRAIN; WORLD; MINDS; AQ Multiple languages Neurosciences; Psychiatry Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/34886