Universität zu Köln

Heycke, Tobias and Gawronski, Bertram (2020). Co-Occurrence and Relational Information in Evaluative Learning: A Multinomial Modeling Approach. J. Exp. Psychol.-Gen., 149 (1). S. 104 - 125. WASHINGTON: AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC. ISSN 1939-2222

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Abstract

Dual-process theories of evaluative learning suggest that evaluative representations can be formed via two functionally distinct mechanisms: automatic formation of associative links between co-occurring events (associative learning) and nonautomatic generation and truth assessment of mental propositions about the relation between stimuli (propositional learning). Single-process propositional theories reject the idea of automatic association formation, attributing all instances of evaluative learning to propositional processes. A central question in the debate between the two theories concerns the mechanisms underlying unqualified effects of stimulus co-occurrence when the relation between the co-occurring stimuli suggests an evaluation that is opposite to the one implied by the observed co-occurrence (e.g., sunscreen prevents skin cancer). Addressing interpretational ambiguities in previous research on the differential impact of co-occurrence and relational information on implicit and explicit measures, the current research used a multinomial modeling approach to investigate the functional properties of the effects of co-occurrence and relational information on a single measure of evaluative responses. Although the moderating effects obtained for relational information are consistent with the predictions of the two theories, the obtained properties of co-occurrence effects pose an explanatory challenge to both dual-process and single-process propositional theories. The findings demonstrate the value of multinomial modeling in providing deeper insights into the functional properties of the effects of co-occurrence and relational information, which impose stronger empirical constraints on extant theories of evaluative learning.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Heycke, Tobias UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gawronski, Bertram UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-352562
DOI:	10.1037/xge0000620
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Exp. Psychol.-Gen.
Volume:	149
Number:	1
Page Range:	S. 104 - 125
Date:	2020
Publisher:	AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	1939-2222
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language CONDITIONED ATTITUDES; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; IMPLICIT; PSYCHOLOGY; AWARENESS Multiple languages Psychology, Experimental Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/35256