Busch, Jakob D. (2019). MitoRibo-Tag mice – a novel tool to study the composition of the mitochondrial ribosome in vivo. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Mitochondria, semi-autonomous organelles of eukaryotic cells derived from an α-proteobacterium, are essential for synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters, amino acids, lipids and for maintaining the cellular ATP levels by the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). During evolution, mitochondria retained a compact double stranded circular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome, which harbors organelle-specific rRNA, tRNA and mRNA genes. The mitochondrial mRNAs encode highly hydrophobic protein constituents of the OXPHOS system and are translated by mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The coordinated synthesis of mtDNA- and nuclear- encoded OXPHOS proteins is required for mitochondrial integrity and cell survival. Mitoribosomes are structurally and functionally adapted as they have acquired 36 specific proteins, different from bacterial ribosomal proteins, and putatively interact with inner mitochondrial membrane. The regulation of translation and mitoribosome assembly in mitochondria is well studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae but remains largely unexplored in mammals due to the limited number of available animal models. To obtain new insights into regulatory mechanisms underlying the process of mitochondrial translation, we generated a knock-in mouse model, denoted MitoRibo-Tag mice, expressing a FLAG-tagged mitoribosome protein. We used MitoRibo-Tag mice to determine the mitoribosome interactome across various mouse tissues by proteomics. This mitoribosome protein catalog unravels several novel mitoribosome-interacting proteins (MIPs) and demonstrates intriguing tissue-specific compositional differences. Moreover, the proteomic definition of a biogenesis intermediate, formed in the absence of the mitoribosome assembly factor MTERF4, unveils PUSL1 as a novel MIP. We find that PUSL1 is peripherally associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane from the matrix side and part of a yet unknown mitoribosome biogenesis intermediate. Additionally, depletion of PUSL1 reveals that the protein is required for efficient de novo synthesis of mtDNA-encoded proteins. In summary, this PhD thesis establishes MitoRibo-Tag mice as a novel tool to study mitoribosomes in vivo, enabling future studies on translation and dynamics during different physiological states, including ageing, exercise and fasting or disease.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-353682 | ||||||||
Date: | 2019 | ||||||||
Place of Publication: | Köln | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen > MPI for Biology of Ageing | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences |
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Date of oral exam: | 26 March 2019 | ||||||||
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References: | This dissertation/thesis also includes results from Busch et al. (2019) published in Cell Reports (Volume 29, ISSUE 6, P1728-1738.e9, November 05, 2019; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.080 ). Moreover, experiments for collaborative projects related to published research papers are referenced in the respective chapters and the publication and reference lists (chapter 5 and 8). The experiments and data were prepared in partial fulfillment of my PhD thesis (at the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany and the University of Cologne). | ||||||||
Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/35368 |
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