Engelhorn, Julia Carina (2011). Identification of developmental functions for Arabidopsis thaliana genes by a reverse genetics approach based on analysis of H3K27me3 distribution. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Thesis_Julia_Engelhorn_2011.pdf - Accepted Version Bereitstellung unter der CC-Lizenz: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (35MB) |
Abstract
Polycomb Group (PcG) protein mediated gene repression is essential for normal development in both plants and animals, as demonstrated by severe developmental defects resulting from their loss-of-function. PcG proteins convey repression of target genes by tri-methylation of lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3). Many H3K27me3 decorated genes encode developmental regulators in Arabidopsis thaliana and developmental functions are particularly overrepresented in tissue specific sub sets of H3K27me3 targets. This study identified 105 genes specifically expressed in the shoot apex and floral organs by transcriptional clustering analysis, which are particularly enriched for shoot developmental functions according to Gene Ontology analysis. As half of the genes in this group were not characterised in detail, these were screened for a role in shoot development by analysing loss-of-function mutants and selected can- didate gene overexpessor plants. Fourteen putative Development related PcG Targets in the Apex (DPAs) were identified. For five DPA putants developmental abnormalities were confirmedly associated with the respective loci. Among them were genes related to flowering time, leaf size and leaf shape regulation. dpa4 loss-of-function plants display enhanced leaf serrations and enlarged petals, while leaf margins of 35S::DPA4 plants are smooth. DPA4 encodes for a putative RAV (Related to ABI3/VP1) transcriptional repressor and is expressed in the lateral organ boundary region and in leaf sinuses. Total leaf area and cell numbers are not altered in dpa4 plants, suggesting that DPA4 regulates leaf margin outgrowth by inhibiting growth towards leaf serrations. DPA4 expression domains widely overlap with those of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 2, known to regulate leaf margin shape. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling in dpa4 apices revealed 77 differentially expressed genes. An overrepresentation of auxin-response elements in the promoters of these otherwise poorly characterised genes indicates a role for DPA4 in auxin- mediated signalling. This is further supported by an auxin-influx carrier mutant-like phenotype observed for 35S::DPA4 plants displaying left-hand twisted rosette leaves. Taken together, the data confirm that DPA4, which was identified as a candidate by this reverse genetics screen, is a newly identified player in the signalling network controlling leaf serrations in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-43326 | ||||||||
Date: | 2011 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen > MPI for Plant Breeding Research | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 2 February 2011 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/4332 |
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