Universität zu Köln

Zielhofer, Christoph, Clare, Lee, Rollefson, Gary, Waechter, Stephan, Hoffmeister, Dirk ORCID: 0000-0002-8178-557X, Bareth, Georg, Roettig, Christopher, Bullmann, Heike, Schneider, Birgit, Berke, Hubert and Weninger, Bernhard ORCID: 0000-0003-2390-6529 (2012). The decline of the early Neolithic population center of 'Ain Ghazal and corresponding earth-surface processes, Jordan Rift Valley. Quat. Res., 78 (3). S. 427 - 442. NEW YORK: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. ISSN 1096-0287

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Abstract

'Ain Ghazal is among the earliest large population centers known in the Middle East. A total of four major stratigraphic cultural units have been identified: 1) The oldest Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (MPPNB) unit (10.2 to 9.5 cal ka BP) clearly corresponds with the early Holocene maximum Dead Sea levels. 2) The second unit consists of Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (LPPNB) in situ walls and hearths. 3) In the subsequent PPNC (8.9 to 8.6 cal ka BP) the population density at the settlement drops dramatically, which corresponds with a significant drop in the Dead Sea level. 4) The 4th stratigraphic unit is characterized by the Yarmoukian rubble layer. Additionally, there is evidence for a previously unrecognized use of the site by Chalcolithic pastoralists. Sedimentological analyses reveal a constant increase in dust from a remote source during the entire human occupation period, which correlates well with the detectable drops in climatic humidity from the Dead Sea. As the major focus of this study, we can now rule out previous notions that the Yarmoukian rubble layer could have been produced by (catastrophic) slope-scale gravitational movements. To this point, it appears that the Neolithic mega-site was abandoned due to a climatic aridification. (c) 2012 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Zielhofer, Christoph UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Clare, Lee UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Rollefson, Gary UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Waechter, Stephan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hoffmeister, Dirk UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8178-557X UNSPECIFIED Bareth, Georg UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Roettig, Christopher UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bullmann, Heike UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schneider, Birgit UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Berke, Hubert UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Weninger, Bernhard UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-6529 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-480713
DOI:	10.1016/j.yqres.2012.08.006
Journal or Publication Title:	Quat. Res.
Volume:	78
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 427 - 442
Date:	2012
Publisher:	CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
Place of Publication:	NEW YORK
ISSN:	1096-0287
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language HOLOCENE CLIMATE; CULTURAL-EVOLUTION; DUST TRANSPORT; COLD EVENT; NEAR-EAST; IMPACT; AGE; DEPOSITION; GREENLAND; RECORDS Multiple languages Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/48071