Fusca, Debora (2012). Assignment of potential neurotransmitters and neuromodulators to physiologically and morphologically identified olfactory interneurons. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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PDF (PHD Thesis Debora Fusca)
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Abstract
Behavioral and physiological studies show that processing of odor information involves neuronal interactions among the glomeruli in the insect antennal lobe (AL). These interactions are mediated by a complex network of inhibitory and excitatory local interneurons (LNs), that structures the olfactory representation and ultimately determines the tuning profile of projection neurons. LNs have distinct morphological and intrinsic electrophysiological properties and in addi- tion to GABA and acetylcholine LNs may contain and release various peptides, that can potentially act as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. In Periplan- eta americana two main LN types are known: 1) Spiking type I LNs (LN I), that generate Na+ driven action potentials upon odor stimulation and exhibit GABA- like immunoreactivity (GABA-LIR) and 2) nonspiking type II LNs, subdivided into type IIa and type IIb, with unknown transmitter, that do not generate Na+ driven action potentials. This LN diversity implies that these neurons serve dis- tinct functions in the olfactory system. Currently, the morphologically and phys- iologically distinct LN subtypes are not very well matched with the variety of neurotransmitters and -modulators. This, however, is an important prerequisite for a detailed understanding of the role of LNs in the olfactory circuit. While previous studies have investigated the neurochemical organization of the AL in various insect species, I unequivocally assigned the inventory of potentially neu- roactive substances to the functionally distinct LN types. For this purpose, I used a combination of whole-cell patch-clamp recording, sin- gle cell labeling and immunocytochemical methods, to analyze the inventory of neuroactive substances in the AL of P. americana. Using an antibody against the biosynthetic enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), a marker for cholinergic neurons, a subset of the nonspiking LN IIa with distinct physiological and morphological properties was identified as cholinergic. In these type IIa1 LNs (LN IIa1), odor stimulation evoked depolarizations that generated Ca2+ driven ’spikelets’, but not Na+ driven action potentials. In an effort to form a complete messenger profiling of identified LN types, the neuropeptide allatotropin (AT) was assigned to spiking LN I and tachykinin- related peptides (TKRPs) were assigned to both LN I and nonspiking LN IIa1. This suggests, that AT is coreleased with GABA in LN I, while TKRPs are core- leased with GABA in LN I as well as with acetylcholine in LN IIa1. Finally, a method is introduced, that offers the possibility to perform mass spec- trometry in electrophysiologically and morphologically identified interneurons, which allows a comprehensive data set of individual neurons to be built up.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-51345 | ||||||||
Date: | 1 October 2012 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Zoologisches Institut | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 13 November 2012 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/5134 |
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