Buarque de Amorim, Tiago Luiz ORCID: 0000-0003-0930-2307 (2021). Model-based systems engineering maturity improvement in industry. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Two things about change are valid in any scenario; it will happen and seldomly comes without challenges. That is also the case for organizations that must continuously change to tackle the increasing complexity of systems and market pressure. Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is often suggested as a coping mechanism for the challenges of engineering contemporary complex systems. It advocates the integrated use of models throughout all phases of the system development life-cycle. Although many practitioners agree with the techniques' potential benefits, companies struggle to achieve MBSE adoption in a timely and effective way, diminishing investment returns. Additionally, MBSE comprehensive coverage is a double-edged sword, meaning teams struggle with selecting methods best aligned with their adoption goal, i.e., not all MBSE methods are fit to deliver the pursued benefits. In this thesis, our contribution is four-fold. First, we perform a study to investigate the forces that prevent or impede the adoption of MBSE in embedded systems companies. We contrast the hindering forces with issues and challenges driving these companies towards introducing MBSE. Our results are based on 20 interviews with experts from 10 companies. Our findings show that forces preventing MBSE adoption relate to immature tooling, uncertainty about the return-on-investment, and fears on migrating existing data and processes. On the other hand, MBSE adoption also has strong drivers, and participants have high expectations mainly concerning managing complexity, easily adhering to new regulations, and reducing costs. Second, we aim to discover the best practices and strategies to implement MBSE methods in embedded systems companies. Using an inductive-deductive research approach, we conducted 14 semi-structured interviews with experts from 10 companies. Moreover, we analyzed the data and drew conclusions validated by practitioners through an online questionnaire in a triangulation fashion. Our findings are summarized in an empirically validated list of 18 best practices for MBSE adoption and a prioritized list of the six most important best practices. Third, we propose a method value ascription model to describe elements and relations that play a significant role when a development team considers which methods to adopt. The model comprises the classic cost-benefit appraisal and relevant aspects such as context, adoption goal, and method characteristics. All other thesis contributions have relations to the model elements, thus, unifying the whole work. Last, we aim to relate goals driving MBSE method adoption and candidate solutions, thus providing suggestions that highest yield the expected benefits. For this means, we propose a goal-benefit model and respective operationalization method. The model relates benefits generated by MBSE methods with adoption goals and organization context. Our approach delivers a prioritized list of MBSE methods which can be transformed into an improvement roadmap. The approach was applied in six case studies in systems development teams located in Germany and Brazil. It was assessed positively by the case study participants, who confirmed that the approach indeed supports goal-oriented MBSE method selection and improvement process. We also provide a sensitivity analysis to validate the goal-benefit model. We expect that our work brings new perspectives and venues for the MBSE and process improvement research community and helps practitioners in their never-ending quest to keep up with change.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-531520 | ||||||||
Date: | 25 May 2021 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Mathematics and Computer Science > Institute of Computer Science | ||||||||
Subjects: | Data processing Computer science Natural sciences and mathematics Technology (Applied sciences) Management and auxiliary services |
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Date of oral exam: | 29 July 2021 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/53152 |
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