Zografou, Theodoros (2013). Distinct impact of CURLY LEAF and SWINGER on the Arabidopsis Histone H3 Lysine 27 trimethylation pattern is linked to the underlying genetic code. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Theodoros_Zografou_Dissertation.pdf - Submitted Version Bereitstellung unter der CC-Lizenz: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (19MB) |
Abstract
Polycomb Group Proteins (PcG) are a conserved class of transcriptional repressors in animals and plants, controlling the expression of hundreds of genes. Specifically, they repress gene expression by histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) via the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). In Arabidopsis thaliana CURLY LEAF (CLF), a PRC2 methyltransferase, is partially redundant with the closely related protein SWINGER (SWN). The phenotype of clf null mutant plants is less severe than the phenotype of clf/swn double mutants. Plants that are mutated in swn exhibit no obvious phenotype. The large degree of sequence conservation of both CLF and SWN throughout the plant kingdom, suggests that they have distinct and conserved functions in plant development. I set out to identify the individual target genes of CLF and SWN and to uncover their functions. To this end, I used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing to create genome-wide H3K27me3 profiles of wild type, clf and swn seedlings. The three genotypes share many H3K27me3 target regions but they exhibit partially distinct methylation profiles. In clf null mutants, H3K27me3 is significantly reduced at 643 genes, indicating that at these genes CLF is the major catalytic component of PRC2. A part of the CLF dependent genes is significantly physically clustered along chromosomes and surprisingly, 60% of CLF dependent genes contain a conserved AAACCCTA or telo box which has been previously reported to enhance transcription. Unexpectedly, reduction of H3K27me3 in clf mutant plants does not correlate frequently with an increase of gene expression. The swn mutation can either have the same effect, oppose or contribute to the effect of clf on the expression of these genes. Moreover, in swn null mutants, H3K27me3 seems to be slightly increased in 294 genes compared to wild-type. These results suggest that the interplay between CLF and SWN might be important to establish wild-type-like H3K27me3 and expression levels. Finally, in swn, expression of some CLF dependent genes changes dramatically, although H3K27me3 is unaffected. This indicates that SWN might have an H3K27me3 independent function. In short, these results demonstrate that CLF and SWN have partially distinct effects on the Arabidopsis thaliana H3K27me3 pattern and that their function is linked to the underlying genetic code. SWN might control expression in a H3K27me3 independent pathway and the interplay between CLF and SWN is presumably important to maintain establish wild-type-like H3K27me3 and expression levels.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-53328 | ||||||||
Date: | 6 May 2013 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen > MPI for Plant Breeding Research | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 27 June 2013 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/5332 |
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