Wieters, Frederique (2021). Evaluation of spasticity in experimental models of ischemic stroke. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Strokes are one of the most common causes of lifelong physical impairment, with about 35% of the patients suffering from post-stroke spasticity (PSS). In contrast to the long and successful history of experimental stroke, rodent models of PSS are sparse and insufficiently characterized [275]. Motivated by this gap in stroke studies, this thesis focused on the development of a PSS mouse model and the long-term effects after strokes within the primary motor area (MOp), secondary motor area (MOs), and internal capsule. For longitudinal determination of PSS, sensorimotor behavioral tests, and equivalent to the measurement in the patient, electrophysiological measurements of the Hoffman reflex were performed. For this purpose, in addition to a longitudinal H-wave measurement, a novel direct nerve H-wave measurement was established in the mouse. For the quantitative determination of the PSS, the ratio of H- and M-wave as well as the rate-dependent depression were measured, which allow an objective measurement of PSS. The experiments revealed that a lesion within the MOp leads to motor deficits, without development of PSS, whereas a lesion within the MOs and internal capsule leads to mild and strong PSS, respectively, after 56 days. In the established internal capsule stroke model for the induction of PSS, an onset of PSS was detected electrophysiologically after 14 days. The sensorimotor deficit score correlated with the PSS measurement, i.e. animals with a PSS showed a reduced recovery of motor function. It was demonstrated that, in addition to the grid walk test, the cylinder test represents behavioral tests that still detect a motor deficit 56 days after a lesion and are sensitive to the motor deficits that occur in PSS. In addition to electrophysiolgical and sensorimotor changes, structural changes were also analyzed, which included examination of secondary neurodegeneration in addition to lesion description. Within the first 28 days after lesion within the MOp microglia/- macrophages were found mainly in the ipsilesional in subregions of the thalamus, which suggested a secondary neurodegeneration. Within the spinal cord, this aggregation of microglia/macrophages and thus evidence of selective secondary degeneration was particularly evident in the dorsal corticospinal tract, an important descending motor pathway. The knowledge gained will serve as a basis for further studies, which will include a precise characterization of secondary neurodegeneration at the spinal cord level and neuronal tracing to evaluate the influence of the cortico- as well as reticolospinal tracts.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-537341 | ||||||||
Date: | 19 October 2021 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Neurologie > Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 6 October 2021 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/53734 |
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