Nirwansyah, Anang Widhi ORCID: 0000-0001-8440-6603 (2021). Evaluating Tidal Flood Risk on Salt Farming Land Empirical and Methodological Insights from a Case Study in Northern Java. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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PDF (Dissertation)
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Abstract
Coastal regions have been threatened by coastal hazards, including tidal flooding, in recent years. Many studies have focused on evaluating flood risks in urban areas because complete data is available. However, tidal flooding in data-poor rural coastal areas has hardly been discussed. In addition, there is still no consensus among academics concerning the development of methods to evaluate flood risk in rural coastal areas with different local set-tings, including agriculture, aquaculture, or even salt farming. Filling the re-search gaps on developing flood risk evaluation on data-sparse regions is cru-cial to support disaster risk reduction policies integrated with local economic resources. This dissertation presents an original approach in integrating a hy-drodynamic model, geospatial data, and a geographic information system (GIS) in the rural coastal area of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia, with a salt farming setting. The study focuses on answering the central topic: Developing an initial model to evaluate tidal flood risk in a data-scarce region using geo-spatial data. Because limited data is available, the model developed must be able to be implemented in rural coastal areas that are subject to regular tidal flooding. The current thesis evaluates the tidal flood hazard through depth and duration factors. The physical vulnerability from natural science and engineering perspectives have been manifested through the so-called damage function. This study also presents detailed economic loss figures for each par-cel representing the risk level in different stages of production. Moreover, a comparison method has been implemented by multicriteria analysis (MCA) using an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) to validate the flood risk model. This MCA-AHP process involves experts justifying all selected variables in the hazard, vulnerability, and risk analysis. The results reveal that tidal floods have affected rural coastal regions, especially in the salt farming area of Cirebon. The established hydrodynamic model has successfully identified the magnitude and distribution of tidal flooding for two events of 2016 and 2018 on salt ponds. This finding extends the utilization of the hydrodynamic model to simulate specific tidal flood events for rural coastal settings with restricted datasets. A synthetic approach using local information from farmers has contributed to the measurement of the expected monetary loss for these two former tidal flood events. This method is employed to construct a damage function that portrays a simple form of physical vulnerability of salt farming based on flood depth and dura-tion factors. The two tidal flood events studied represented the pre-production and harvesting periods had minimal economic impacts. Lastly, the multicriteria approach has also portrayed the risk condition of salt farming by using hazard and vulnerability parameters. With limited data available, this approach has successfully identified the tidal flood risk in salt ponds into the maps. The comparison of this parametric approach with the hydrodynamical approach has shown a strong statistical correlation that marks the relation between risk level and expected loss. However, there are some uncertainties from data input in the numerical hydrodynamic model and the subjectivity of the experts in the analytical process. The findings in this thesis can be converted to the advancement of cru-cial policy implications. The thesis has the potential to improve disaster risk reduction, specifically in salt-farming areas. The integration of flood risk maps based on hydrodynamic and multicriteria inputs can support the im-plementation of a targeted disaster risk reduction policy under data-poor conditions. Finally, the risk evaluation analysis can assist government policies targeting the increase of productivity of salt farming, such as the national Indonesian target of salt self-sufficiency, flood risk reduction via structural measures, mangrove conservation and integrated coastal planning policies.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | |||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-548014 | |||||||||
Date: | 29 November 2021 | |||||||||
Language: | English | |||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | |||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Geosciences > Geographisches Institut | |||||||||
Subjects: | Economics Natural sciences and mathematics Earth sciences Geography and travel |
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Date of oral exam: | 29 November 2021 | |||||||||
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Funders: | Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) | |||||||||
Refereed: | Yes | |||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/54801 |
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