Stangier, Tobias (2015). Atmospheric Thermal Properties of Venus and Mars. Investigation of CO2 Absorption Lines using Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Atmospheric thermal properties of different altitude layers of terrestrial planets can be deduced from pressure-broadened molecular transition features. Ground-based heterodyne spectroscopy is used to observe the nightside of Venus by probing single pressure-broadened CO2 absorption lines at around 10 µm. In addition, a dayside spectrum of Mars, also containing a pressure-broadened absorption feature was investigated. Infrared heterodyne spectroscopy is sensitive to those atmospheric layers, which can be identified as the absorption line formation region. These layers correspond to an altitude range in the Venusian mesosphere between ~60 and ~95km. On Mars, the line formation region is located in the troposphere between the surface and an altitude of ~35km. Retrieval of atmospheric parameters is based on a Levenberg-Marquard chi-squared optimization that iteratively compares observed data to telluric transmittance corrected planetary top-of-atmosphere spectra calculated using a radiative transfer algorithm. A sophisticated proof of concept is performed to investigate the influence of the altitude resolution and to demonstrate the reliability of the newly developed retrieval technique. During two observing campaigns in March and May 2012, four different locations on the Venusian nightside hemisphere were investigated. In this thesis, the retrieval of vertical temperature profiles in the nightside atmosphere of Venus using mid-infrared heterodyne spectroscopy is reported for the first time. The retrieval can be deduced with an altitude resolution of ~4.5km. The retrieved profiles are compared to existing space- and ground-based observations as well as to the Venus International Reference Atmosphere. The temperatures found are in good agreement to other retrieval techniques. Emphasis is given to the comparison of the temperatures from one specific location to thermal profiles simultaneously obtained with the Venus Express Radio Science Experiment during a coordinated observing campaign in May 2012. Sub-Doppler resolution infrared heterodyne observations can now provide temperature measurements on the dark side of Venus that complement those techniques. Analysis of a broad CO2 absorption feature obtained at the Martian dayside during an observing campaign in 2010 is performed and a preliminary temperature profile is retrieved. This profile is compared to predictions from the Mars Climate Database and found to be in satisfactory agreement. A further detailed poof of concept is provided, addressing the specific preconditions of the Martian atmosphere and analyzing the contribution of the solar induced non-thermal CO2 emission on the retrieval method. It is found, that the deduction of atmospheric dayside temperatures on Mars is subject to additional restrictions, which are due to the thin atmosphere and the multifarious topography.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-59723 | ||||||||
Date: | February 2015 | ||||||||
Publisher: | München: Hut | ||||||||
ISBN: | 978-3-8439-1933-3 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute of Physics I | ||||||||
Subjects: | Physics | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 13 October 2014 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/5972 |
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