Universität zu Köln

Strasser, Barbara ORCID: 0000-0002-4318-5629, Pesta, Dominik ORCID: 0000-0002-5089-3586, Rittweger, Jorn, Burtscher, Johannes ORCID: 0000-0002-2889-0151 and Burtscher, Martin ORCID: 0000-0002-5232-3632 (2021). Nutrition for Older Athletes: Focus on Sex-Differences. Nutrients, 13 (5). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 2072-6643

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Abstract

Regular physical exercise and a healthy diet are major determinants of a healthy lifespan. Although aging is associated with declining endurance performance and muscle function, these components can favorably be modified by regular physical activity and especially by exercise training at all ages in both sexes. In addition, age-related changes in body composition and metabolism, which affect even highly trained masters athletes, can in part be compensated for by higher exercise metabolic efficiency in active individuals. Accordingly, masters athletes are often considered as a role model for healthy aging and their physical capacities are an impressive example of what is possible in aging individuals. In the present review, we first discuss physiological changes, performance and trainability of older athletes with a focus on sex differences. Second, we describe the most important hormonal alterations occurring during aging pertaining regulation of appetite, glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure and the modulatory role of exercise training. The third part highlights nutritional aspects that may support health and physical performance for older athletes. Key nutrition-related concerns include the need for adequate energy and protein intake for preventing low bone and muscle mass and a higher demand for specific nutrients (e.g., vitamin D and probiotics) that may reduce the infection burden in masters athletes. Fourth, we present important research findings on the association between exercise, nutrition and the microbiota, which represents a rapidly developing field in sports nutrition.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Strasser, Barbara UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-5629 UNSPECIFIED Pesta, Dominik UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-5089-3586 UNSPECIFIED Rittweger, Jorn UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Burtscher, Johannes UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-0151 UNSPECIFIED Burtscher, Martin UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-5232-3632 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-597382
DOI:	10.3390/nu13051409
Journal or Publication Title:	Nutrients
Volume:	13
Number:	5
Date:	2021
Publisher:	MDPI
Place of Publication:	BASEL
ISSN:	2072-6643
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language MUSCLE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION; RESTING METABOLIC-RATE; AGE-RELATED DECLINE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTION; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; GROWTH-HORMONE; LONGITUDINAL CHANGES Multiple languages Nutrition & Dietetics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/59738