Keßler, Michael (2014). Nanocatalysis in Ionic Liquids - Syntheses, Characterisation and Application of Nanoscale Catalysts. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Nanocatalysis_in_Ionic_Liquids_-_Syntheses,_Characterisation_and_Application_of_Nanoscale_Catalysts.pdf - Accepted Version Bereitstellung unter der CC-Lizenz: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (30MB) |
Abstract
In this work, immobilized metal- and metaloxide nanoparticles were used as nanoscale catalysts in chemical reactions. Palladium nanoparticles, which catalyze classical CC cross-coupling reactions (Heck-, Suzuki- or Sonogashira reactions), were grafted in the pores of carbonized wood. Several recycling reactions with remarkable performance could be realized. Furthermore, Cu2O nanoparticles were synthesized in tetra-n-butylphosphonium acetate, an ionic liquid with high stabilizing potential and low melting point. These nanoparticles could be used as a recyclable decarboxylation catalyst for 2-nitrobenzoic acids and as a catalyst for Buchwald-Hartwig reactions. Depending on the reaction parameters or functional groups of the substrates, the catalyst showed moderate to excellent activity and recyclability. Inspired by the straight forward synthesis of palladium and copper oxide nanoparticles from simple metal salts with acetate ions as reductive species, a more general method for the synthesis of nanoscale materials has been developed in this work. Copper, silver, nickel oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized via microwave irradiation in two different ionic liquids, as well as from two different precursors, respectively. Apparently, a wide range of nanostructures can be realized in ionic liquid systems with the assistance of acetate anions and without the necessity of ligands, surfactants, inert conditions or any further additives. Besides some reviewing paragraphs, the ongoing experimental but unpublished work, which is in continuation of the above stated topics, is also presented, including deuteration experiments, deoxygenation reactions and decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions. In sum, the syntheses, characterization and evaluation of nanoscale catalytic systems is presented. Examples for new nanoparticle/ionic liquid systems, new and already established catalyses, which have not been realized with nanoparticle catalysts in ionic liquids so far as well as their performance concerning activity, stability and recyclability have been investigated.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-60324 | ||||||||
Date: | 18 August 2014 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Institute of Inorganic Chemistry | ||||||||
Subjects: | Chemistry and allied sciences | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 10 October 2014 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/6032 |
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