Dombrowski, Nina (2015). Structural and functional analysis of the bacterial root microbiota of Arabidopsis thaliana and relative species. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Plants that reside in the soil interact with a plethora of organisms, such as nematodes, fungi, oomycetes or bacteria. Soil bacteria can colonize the rhizosphere and roots of plants and influence plant growth via interference with hormones, mobilization of nutrients or suppression of phytopathogens. With the advances in the last years, we begin to understand the structure of the root and rhizosphere bacterial microbiota and the factors that influence community assembly. However, remarkably little is known about the stability and functional abilities of bacteria in a community context. To address these gaps, two approaches were undertaken that will be discussed in two chapters within this study. In the first chapter, I compared root bacterial communities of the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, Cardamine hirsuta and Arabis alpina to the corresponding soil microbiota by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries. Further, A. alpina was used as a model system to dissect the influence of residence time of plants in the soil, plant developmental stage and growth under natural conditions on bacterial community structure using Illumina sequencing. Additionally, I isolated bacteria from roots of the three plants species and assessed their influence on plant growth. Using this experimental setup, I demonstrated that the tested Brassicaceae plant species assembled highly similar bacterial root communities and only few quantitative differences allowed to distinguish the three host plant species. By this a shared bacterial microbiota was defined that consisted of a few bacterial families. The major factors determining community composition were the compartment, soil type, time and environmental conditions. Surprisingly, plant species and plant developmental stage influenced bacterial communities only to a minor extent. Finally, several bacterial members of the root microbiota were successfully isolated and a high number of isolates positively affected root growth of A. thaliana, C. hirsuta and A. alpina in mono-associations as well as in synthetic communities. In the second chapter, I isolated rhizobia from roots of A. thaliana and tested 22 isolates on their ability to affect plant growth under different nutrient conditions using a gnotobiotic growth assay. One Rhizobium was more closely investigated and the proliferation on plant roots, as well as phenotypic and transcriptional changes induced by this Rhizobium, were monitored in a time-resolved manner, the latter by RNA-Sequencing. Based on this approach, I established that members of the rhizobial population act as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that affect primary root growth under various nutrient conditions and A. thaliana accessions. Rhizobia were able to proliferate on the root system and induced transcriptional changes that were associated with hormone homeostasis, nutrient availability and enhanced stress tolerance.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-61019 | ||||||||
Date: | 2015 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen > MPI for Plant Breeding Research | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences Agriculture |
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Date of oral exam: | 15 April 2015 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/6101 |
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