García Márquez, María Alejandra (2015). Characterization of four functionally distinct human B-cell subsets that are defined by the expression of CD21 and CD86. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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PhD_Thesis_Maria_Garcia_final__-A5-.pdf - Accepted Version Download (6MB) |
Abstract
It is now recognized that B lymphocytes are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous. In addition to their essential role as antibody producing B cells, they serve as antigen-presenting cells, contribute to immunoregulation and represent an important source of cytokines and chemokines. Although several subpopulations have been identified, a deeper understanding of the role of B cells in the pathophysiology of human diseases has been hampered by the lack of well-defined functional B-cell subsets. In this study, a comprehensive phenotypic and functional characterization of B cells defined by expression of CD21 and CD86, revealed four B-cell subpopulations with very distinct phenotypical and functional properties. CD21pos CD86low B-cell subset had a naïve, non-switched phenotype characterized by the absence of expression of costimulatory and memory markers. Additionally, it was characterized by low basal calcium and phosphorylation levels and robust response after B-cell receptor stimulation. Furthermore, when cultivated with autologous T cells they induced very low stimulation. The CD21pos CD86pos B-cell subset had an activated, non-switched-memory phenotype and moderated immunostimulatory capacity. The CD21low "exhausted" population described by others in several diseases could be partitioned in two subsets based on the expression of CD86. CD21low CD86pos B-cell subset had an activated, class-switched-memory phenotype, potent immunostimulatory capacity and impaired B-cell receptor signaling that was restored by synergistic stimulation with CD40 ligand. On the other hand, CD21low CD86neg B-cell subset was composed of functionally impaired B cells with features consistent of an anergic or exhausted state. Since striking differences were detected in the frequency of these subsets in several medical conditions, it appears that the homeostatic balance between these subpopulations could describe the functional state of the B-cell compartment. For instance, patients with traumatic fractures contained an increased percentage of CD21pos CD86pos B cells compared to healthy donors. Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis had a higher frequency of CD21pos CD86pos and CD21low CD86pos B cells. Patients with colorectal cancer revealed that CD21low CD86pos B cells were enriched within the tumor tissue compared to the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls. Taken together, the observation that the different B-cell subsets display distinct functional features and that the different subsets are associated with immune-related diseases suggests that a more specific targeting of B-cell subsets could represent a promising therapeutic strategy.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-62589 | ||||||||
Date: | 19 June 2015 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Institute for Genetics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 19 June 2015 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/6258 |
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