Universität zu Köln

Sattler, Sebastian ORCID: 0000-0002-6491-0754 and von dem Knesebeck, Olaf (2022). Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and Prescription Drug Misuse-Prospective Evidence from Germany. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19 (13). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 1660-4601

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Abstract

This study examines how work stress affects the misuse of prescription drugs to augment mental performance without medical necessity (i.e., cognitive enhancement). Based on the effort-reward imbalance model, it can be assumed that a misalignment of effort exerted and rewards received increases prescription drug misuse, especially if employees overcommit. To test these assumptions, we conducted a prospective study using a nationwide web-based sample of the working population in Germany (N = 11,197). Effort, reward, and overcommitment were measured at t(1) and the 12 month frequency of prescription drug misuse for enhancing cognitive performance was measured at a one-year follow-up (t(2)). The results show that 2.6% of the respondents engaged in such drug misuse, of which 22.7% reported frequent misuse. While we found no overall association between misuse frequency and effort, reward, or their imbalance, overcommitment was significantly associated with a higher misuse frequency. Moreover, at low levels of overcommitment, more effort and an effort-reward imbalance discouraged future prescription drug misuse, while higher overcommitment, more effort, and an imbalance increased it. These findings suggest that a stressful work environment is a risk factor for health-endangering behavior, and thereby underlines the importance of identifying groups at risk of misusing drugs.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Sattler, Sebastian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-0754 UNSPECIFIED von dem Knesebeck, Olaf UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-682542
DOI:	10.3390/ijerph19137632
Journal or Publication Title:	Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
Volume:	19
Number:	13
Date:	2022
Publisher:	MDPI
Place of Publication:	BASEL
ISSN:	1660-4601
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT; ENHANCING COGNITION; JOB DEMANDS; STRESS; PERFORMANCE; ENVIRONMENT; STIMULANTS; EMPLOYEES; WORKPLACE; EFFICACY Multiple languages Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68254