Universität zu Köln

Fontani, F., Colzi, L., Bizzocchi, L., Rivilla, V. M., Elia, D., Beltran, M. T., Caselli, P., Magrini, L., Sanchez-Monge, A., Testi, L. and Romano, D. (2022). CHEMOUT: CHEMical complexity in star-forming regions of the OUTer Galaxy I. Organic molecules and tracers of star-formation activity. Astron. Astrophys., 660. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. The outer Galaxy is an environment with metallicity lower than the Solar one. Because of this, the formation and survival of molecules in star-forming regions located in the inner and outer Galaxy is expected to be different. Aims. To gain an understanding on how chemistry changes throughout the Milky Way, it is crucial to observe outer Galaxy star-forming regions to constrain models adapted for lower metallicity environments. Methods. In this paper, we present a new observational project: chemical complexity in star-forming regions of the outer Galaxy (CHEMOUT). The goal is to unveil the chemical composition in 35 dense molecular clouds associated with star-forming regions of the outer Galaxy through observations obtained with the Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimetrique 30 m telescope in specific 3 mm and 2 mm spectral windows. Results. In this first paper, we present the sample, and report the detection at 3 mm of simple organic species HCO+, (HCO+)-C-13, HCN, c-C3H2, HCO, C4H, and HCS+, of the complex hydrocarbon CH3CCH, and of SiO, CCS, and SO. From the optically thin line J(Ka,Kb) = 2(1,2) - 1(0,1) of c-C-3 H-2 we estimate new kinematic heliocentric and Galactocentric distances based on an updated rotation curve of the Galaxy. The detection of the molecular tracers does not seem to have a clear dependence on the Galactocentric distance. Moreover, with the purpose of investigating the occurrence of outflows and investigate the association with protostellar activity, we analyse the HCO+ line profiles. We find high velocity wings in similar to 71% of the targets, and their occurrence does not depend on the Galactocentric distance. Conclusions. Our results, confirmed by a statistical analysis, show that the presence of organic molecules and tracers of protostellar activity is ubiquitous in the low metallicity environment of the outer Galaxy. Based on this and on the additional evidence that small, terrestrial planets are omnipresent in the Galaxy, we support previous claims that the definition of the Galactic habitable zone should be subject to further discussion in view of the ubiquitous capacity of the interstellar medium to form organic molecules.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Fontani, F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Colzi, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bizzocchi, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Rivilla, V. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Elia, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Beltran, M. T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Caselli, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Magrini, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sanchez-Monge, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Testi, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Romano, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-687149
DOI:	10.1051/0004-6361/202142923
Journal or Publication Title:	Astron. Astrophys.
Volume:	660
Date:	2022
Publisher:	EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication:	LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN:	1432-0746
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE; MILKY-WAY; MILLIMETER; OXYGEN; ABUNDANCES; ATLASGAL; NITROGEN; METHANOL; CARBON; CORES Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68714