Kukla, Helena ORCID: 0000-0003-4337-9666
(2023).
Confronting one's own end of life.
PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
The ageing population, particularly the increasing number of people aged 80 and over, imposes significant challenges on healthcare providers, policymakers and society to ensure high-quality individual care. Given the highly heterogenous health and death trajectories, supportive psychosocial care that goes beyond addressing physical needs is necessary, considering psychological, emotional, social, and spiritual needs. Age or disease-related physical and mental losses can evoke the subjective perception of being closer to death and trigger existential questions on life and death. A process of adaptation to this debilitating situation that involves reconstructing meaning in life is decisive in experiencing existential health or existential suffering. Confronting one’s own end of life may stimulate this process of adaptation and even stave off distress and foster personal growth. However, research on behavioural and mental confrontation with one’s own end of life and related effects on measures of psychosocial comfort is limited. Evaluated approaches to confronting one’s own end of life show beneficial effects but the mechanisms of actions remain largely unexplored. Additionally, individual strategies of those affected apart from existing (semi-)professional approaches have been inadequately addressed, particularly concerning people in old age. The experiences and preferences of individuals approaching the end of life can offer new insights for implementing new support concepts in end-of-life care. In two dissertation projects, this dissertation aims to investigate how confronting one’s own end of life affects well-being when approaching death due to age or life-limiting diseases. Based on the results, this dissertation discusses mechanisms of actions of confronting one’s own end of life, and practical implications for developing low-threshold support concepts to increase well-being are derived. In dissertation project 1, a systematic review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods reports was conducted to synthesise the existing knowledge of the effects on older individuals and those with a life-limiting disease of different approaches to confronting one’s own end of life. The results suggest a clear trend toward beneficial effects on psychosocial comfort. However, the scarcity of included qualitative studies exploring individual strategies to confront end-of-life issues highlights the need for a stronger focus on research from first-order perspectives, specifically the experiences and viewpoints of those directly affected. Therefore, for dissertation project 2, a qualitative research design employing a semi-structured interview guide was chosen. This project aims to explore how people aged 80 and over or with a life-limiting disease confront the end of their lives and how they experience the effects of doing so. Both participant groups reported that theoretical education, preparing for the end of their lives (e.g., funerals), talking about death-related topics, reflecting on death-related topics, and and coping with the approaching death in a spiritual sense had positive effects on their self-confidence, self-determination and relief. The need for confrontation and the desire for low-threshold and accessible support services to address their existential and spiritual issues were highlighted. The results of the dissertation projects reveal discrepancies between existing psychosocial support in the care system and the preferences of people nearing death. Confronting one’s own end of life, whether through (semi-)professional existing approaches or in private contexts, has beneficial effects but is underused due to barriers in accessibility and visibility. The dissertation discusses broader implications for the person-centred healthcare system, education, society and research, aiming to contribute to the development of supportive care of existential issues by confronting issues of life and death.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-712868 | ||||||||||||
Date: | 2023 | ||||||||||||
Place of Publication: | Köln | ||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Palliativmedizin > Zentrum für Palliativmedizin | ||||||||||||
Subjects: | Philosophy Psychology Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 29 September 2023 | ||||||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/71286 |
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