Hanke, Natalie (2022). Personality traits differentiate patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls - a meta-analytic approach. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Many studies have correlated particular personality traits with the manifestation and progression of bipolar disorder (BD). Still, results to date have been conflicting, because of factors such as age, sex, and limited sample sizes. These differences make it difficult to draw conclusions from the previous results. We conducted a meta-analysis of individuals with BD and healthy controls (HC) to clarify the role of personality traits in BD and to overcome these limitations. We focused on personality traits defined by the “big three” and “big five”: Neuroticism (N), Agreeableness (A), Extraversion (E), Conscientiousness (C), Openness (O) and Psychoticism (P). We systematically searched two online databases (Pubmed and Web of Science) for articles up to December 31, 2019, to identify relevant articles. We analyzed data from 18 eligible studies, which involved a total of 1694 patients with BD and 2153 HC. In addition, we conducted moderator analysis for age, sex, quality score and publication year to determine their impact on effect sizes. Our results showed that BD patients scored higher in N; n = 18, g = 1.44 (large positive effect size), with a 95% confidence interval between 1.11 and 1.77. Scores on C and E were associated with negative effect sizes; C: n = 6, g = -0.78 (medium negative effect size), with a 95% confidence interval between -1.13 and -0.43; E: n = 13, g = -0.38 (small negative effect size), with a 95% confidence interval between -0.52 and -0.23. Our research revealed that the average age of the sample had an impact on the effect size of N, with a reduced distinction in N scored between BD patients and HC among older individuals (-0.0437, z = - 3.96, p <.0001). The results were solid und immune to possible biases and potential confounders including gender, age, quality score and year of publication. However, subgroup analysis regarding the influence of mood states and BD subtypes could not be conducted due to lack of available data. Furthermore, our analysis was based on cross-sectional data, and therefore, caution should be exercised when interpreting the results, particularly in terms of causality. Our findings showed that patients with BD displayed different expressions of personality traits than HC. These findings lay the foundation for future investigations focusing on personality and psychopathology in BD. Further exploration of the interplay between personality traits and BD could open up new opportunities for prevention and treatment.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-726353 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.067 | ||||||||
Date: | 2022 | ||||||||
Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||
Place of Publication: | Journal of Affective Disorders | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie > Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie | ||||||||
Subjects: | Psychology Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 28 February 2024 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/72635 |
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