Tutas, Janine ORCID: 0000-0001-5795-3505 (2024). Autophagy regulator ATG5 maintains cerebellar function by preventing excessive glycolytic activity. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that provides nutrients to maintain cellular homeostasis. Under physiological and stress conditions, cytosolic components are sequestered into autophagosomes and ultimately delivered to lysosomes for degradation. This role of autophagy is critical in neurons because of their postmitotic nature. Autophagy is believed to contribute to neuronal health by eliminating defective proteins and organelles. However, recent studies show that neurons are resistant to autophagy-deficiency in-vivo, with an exception of cerebellar Purkinje cells, which are selectively vulnerable to autophagy loss, compared to forebrain GABAergic neurons. This study aims to understand the cell-type specific vulnerability of Purkinje cells to autophagy loss. The cerebellum of conditional ATG5 knockout (cKO) mice is highly glycolytic, whereas these changes are not observed in ATG5- deficient cortex. These alterations depend on glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), which is degraded in Purkinje cells by autophagy. Loss of ATG5 results in increased GLUT2 levels, a phenotype that leads to elevated levels of glycolysis-derived metabolites such as lactate, serine and ATP without affecting mitochondrial respiration. Progressive Purkinje cell degeneration in ATG5 cKO animals results in impairment in motor coordination such as motor balance. Concomitant loss of GLUT2 in ATG5 cKO cerebellum mitigates glycolytic metabolism and ameliorates Purkinje cell loss, resulting in improved motor coordination. This research suggests that the selective vulnerability of Purkinje cells under dysfunctional autophagy conditions stems from a metabolic shift towards glycolysis induced by elevated GLUT2 expression. The detrimental effects of excessive glycolysis on Purkinje cells highlight the significance of maintaining low glycolytic activity, offering a potential avenue to extend their survival even in the absence of functional autophagy.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-727031 | ||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | CECAD - Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences |
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Date of oral exam: | 26 February 2024 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/72703 |
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