Adam, Julia ORCID: 0000-0002-7469-5461 (2024). Effectiveness of multimodal psychotherapy based on the treatment program for children and adolescents with anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (THAZ) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder – a within-subject design. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) leads to severe consequences for affected children and adolescents as well as their families. Therefore, the need for appropriate and early diag-nosis and treatment is beyond question. Yet there is a lack of availability of psychometrically strong German-language measures to assess pediatric OCD symptoms in terms of evidence-based and multimodal assessment. The evidence for the efficacy of cognitive behavioral ther-apy (CBT) as first-line treatment based on randomized control trials is quite clear. But there is a lack of effectiveness studies that examine effects of CBT within routine clinical care, includ-ing usual treatment duration of > 12 sessions. Further limitations relate to the lack of differenti-ation between the effects of individual treatment components and the fact that often only clini-cian ratings are considered. Moreover, reported remission rates of 50-60% are not satisfacto-ry. This is where this dissertation comes in, with the aim of contributing to the further improvement of multimodal assessment and treatment of OCD in children and adolescents. Study 1 (Adam et al., 2019) assessed the psychometric properties of a new German-language inventory recording self- and parent-ratings – the OCD inventory for children and adolescents (OCD-CA; Goletz, Adam & Döpfner, 2020) – in a clinical sample (n = 342, age range = 6-18 years) including an OCD subsample (n = 181) and a non‑OCD clinical subsample (n = 161), and in a community sample (n = 367, age range = 11-18 years). An exploratory factor analysis resulted in a four‑factor solution: (1) Contamination & Washing, (2) Catastrophes & Injuries, (3) Checking, and (4) Ordering & Repeating. Internal consistencies of the subscales and total scale were acceptable to excellent across all samples (exception: subscale Ordering & Re-peating in the community sample). Subscales were found to be sufficiently independent of each other. Convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity was supported. To conclude, the OCD-CA was found to be a promising, reliable, and valid instrument to assess OCD symp-toms in clinical and non‑clinical populations. The aim of study 2 (Adam et al., 2022) was to investigate the effects of multimodal manual-based CBT in children, adolescents, and young adults with OCD (n = 38, aged 6-20 years) within routine care based on the treatment program for children and adolescents with anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder: OCD (Goletz & Döpfner, in prep.). Treatment included a 12-week standard treatment. The treatment duration was extended individually (maximum: 54 weekly sessions) in case of insufficient symptom improvement. The treatment effectiveness was examined in a within-subject control group design using multi-informant measures. For analyses, multilevel modeling and t-tests for pre-post comparisons were used. OCD symp-toms, strain, and functional impairment significantly decreased during the standard treatment and the extended treatment. Moreover, overall treatment led to a significant reduction of comorbid symptoms, especially internalizing symptoms. Additional positive effects were achieved when adding exposure with response prevention. An individual tailored treatment duration significantly improved treatment effects and remission rate. To conclude, these re-sults confirmed CBT effectiveness and suggest that non-responders/non-remitters cannot be predicted based on the improvement after the first 12-weeks of treatment.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-737637 | ||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie > Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters | ||||||||
Subjects: | Psychology | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 14 October 2024 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/73763 |
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