Worlu, Azubuike Gift (2024). The Relationship between Air Pollution caused by Gas flaring and Lung function in the Niger Delta. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
PDF
Dissertationsschrift_WORLU_261024.pdf Download (1MB) |
Abstract
Background/Aim The Niger-Delta region of Nigeria has witnessed many years of crude oil exploration and gas flaring. One of the numerous health problems not yet evaluated in connection to gas flaring is the development of lung disease. This project looks at how the lung-function of individuals are affected due to exposure to gas flaring. Method 179 individuals visiting primary healthcare centres (PHC) in Rivers State, Nigeria were selected to undergo lung-function tests using a hand-spirometer. The selection was achieved using the ECHS questionnaire (ECRHS 2). Smokers and individuals with previously diagnosed lung disease were excluded. Subjects' age: 18-63 years old. 103 females as well as 76 males took the tests. Result/Conclusion Subjects were placed in three groups according to the proximity of their homes to gas flaring sites; group 1: subjects living 1-3km away from gas flaring sites, group 2: subjects living 3.5-11km away, group 3: subjects living 11-30km away. The mean FEV1% in group 1 was 58.6%, in group 2: 65.9% and 72.12% in group 3 with a standard deviation of 13.56%, 12.01%, 15.66% in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The mean Tiffeneau-index (FEV1/FVC) was 71.45%, 75.42% and 76.29% with a standard deviation of 21.17%, 13.39%, 11.68% for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Decreased lung function is recorded in subjects living closer to gas flaring sites as compared to others living far away. The results show an increase in respiratory symptoms as one lives closer to a gas-flaring site. All individuals in the test had lived a considerable number of years (five years) in this region and the average result shows a reduction in lung function in all groups. However, Group 1, which was made up of people living very close to a gas flaring site within a perimeter of up to 3km showed to have more respiratory problems, like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and a more reduced lung function as shown by lung function tests. The tests show poorer average FVC value in relation to the proximity of the residence to a gas-flaring site. The average FEV1 values follow similar pattern. Although the average Tiffeneau-Index in all groups was normal 14 individuals in group 1, 10 in group 2 and 7 in group 3 had values lower than the expected normal values (LLN). This goes in line with our initial concern that living close to a gas-flaring site would lead to more respiratory problems and poorer lung function. Stricter regulations would be needed to prevent air pollution caused by gas flaring from further escalation, and we recommend that flaring sites be moved farther away from residential areas. The best solution, however, would be the building of gas storage facilities and infrastructure, as well as the proper use of explored gas for energy production.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||
Translated title: |
|
||||||||||||||||
Translated abstract: |
|
||||||||||||||||
Creators: |
|
||||||||||||||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-740729 | ||||||||||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Innere Medizin > Klinik III für Innere Medizin - Kardiologie, Pneumologie, Angiologie und internistische Intensivmedizin | ||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Medical sciences Medicine Civic and landscape art |
||||||||||||||||
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
|
||||||||||||||||
Date of oral exam: | 18 July 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
Referee: |
|
||||||||||||||||
Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/74072 |
Downloads
Downloads per month over past year
Export
Actions (login required)
View Item |