Zarrad, Fadi (2017). Efficient preparation of PET tracers for visualization of age-related disorders using emerging methods of radiofluorination. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
In 2013 novel compounds targeting alpha-synuclein oligomer aggregates in Parkinson’s disease were reported. Especially 5-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(piperonyl)pyrazole (1a) showed dramatic therapeutic effects since it was able to eliminate pathological alpha-synuclein aggregates. Therefore, it was assumed that 18F-labeled analogs of 1a are potentially useful for the detection of alpha-synuclein oligomers. The first 18F-labeled compound 5-(3-bromphenyl)-3-(6-[18F]fluorpiperonyl)pyrazol ([18F]1b) was prepared by 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition between 3'-bromophenyl acetylene (2a) and [18F]fluorophenyldiazomethane generated in situ from tosylhydrazone ([18F]3b). In order to establish optimized reaction conditions, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between 4-[18F]fluorophenyldiazomethane and 4'-fluorophenyl acetylene (2b) was studied as a model reaction. Optimized reaction conditions enabled to obtain 3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole ([18F]1d) in radiochemical yield (RCY) of 67%. The same reaction conditions delivered [18F]1b in RCYs of 27–34%. The second approach applied in this work to obtain the alpha-synuclein targeting compound 5-(3-[18F]fluorphenyl)-3-(piperonyl)pyrazol ([18F]1c) was based on copper mediated 18F-fluorodestannylation. The latter method was recently reported by Scott et. al. This method highly benefits from the fact that trialkylaryl tin compounds are routinely used as precursors for electrophilic radiofluorinations. Therefore, a method using stannyl precursors and “nucleophilic [18F]Fluoride” should be of high interest for the production of radiopharmaceuticals. Initially, trimethyl(phenyl)tin was used as a model substrate to establish the 18F-fluorodestannylation approach. After reaction optimization, this approach was used to label several electron-neutral, -rich and -poor stannyl substrates in RCYs of 16-88%. Additionally, 18F-destannylation was used to produce [18F]1c in RCY of 62%. Furthermore, this method was applied in the synthesis of 18F-labeled amino acids starting from commercially available precursors. Finally, a scalable automated synthesis of 3-O-methyl-6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (6-[18F]OMFD), 6-[18F]Fluoro-L-m-tyrosine (6-[18F]FMT), 2-[18F]fluoro-L-tyrosine (2-[18F]F-Tyr) und 6-[18F]fluoro-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin (6-[18F]FDOPA) was established affording these compounds in high isolated RCY of 32-57%. Remarkably, the automated radiosynthesis of 6-[18F]FDOPA via Cu-mediated radiofluorination of an appropriate stannane precursor afforded RCYs of 57%. Starting from 9.2 GBq [18F]fluoride 3.5 GBq of 6-[18F]FDOPA was obtained within 65 min suitable for clinical applications.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-76404 | ||||||||
Date: | 3 April 2017 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Subjects: | Chemistry and allied sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 24 May 2017 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/7640 |
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