Heßelmann, Marie Isabelle
(2025).
Modulation of the cGAS/STING pathway in various tumor cell lines by a novel HSP90 inhibitor.
PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Although a variety of treatment modalities for malignant diseases are available today, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In addition to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, immunotherapeutic approaches have revolutionized cancer therapy in recent years. However, durable benefits are confined to only a subset of patients and development of resistance is common. It has long been known that radiation therapy, in addition to its direct effects on neoplastic cells, also positively affects tumor immunogenicity and therefore represents a promising approach for combinatory treatment regimens. Immunomodulatory effects of radiation are known to be dependent on type-I interferon signaling resulting from activation of the cGAS/STING pathway upon DNA damage. The molecular chaperone HSP90 plays a pivotal role in stabilizing proteins involved in DNA damage repair mechanisms and its inhibition therefore renders cells more susceptible to irradiation. In this thesis, the HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 was applied to various murine tumor cell lines with subsequent irradiation in vitro to elucidate tumor type-specific differences in terms of synergistic effects on tumor immunogenicity. The agent was administered primarily to murine SCLC, NSCLC, and colon carcinoma cells at concentrations known to be subtoxic to each cell line, and activation of the cGAS/STING pathway was quantified. TAS 116 and radiation therapy displayed synergistic potential to activate the cGAS/STING pathway, which was more pronounced in lung cancer cells than in colon carcinoma cells. This potential to improve tumor immunogenicity was subsequently further investigated in an in vitro approach examining specific killing of tumor cells by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Combined treatment with HSP90 inhibition and radiation therapy of tumor-bearing mice led to interesting results in terms of changes in the T cell receptor repertoire of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, encouraging future in-depth research in this area. Overall, this work provides insight into possible tumor type-dependent differences regarding synergy of HSP90 inhibition and radiotherapy. The knowledge acquired from these findings should be further expanded on through in vivo treatment studies. Even though the study hypothesis could not be confirmed hereby, the results obtained in this thesis offer encouraging prospects for further investigation of HSP90 inhibition in combination with radiation as a promising approach to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches and thus provide better therapeutic options for many cancer patients in the future.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-783362 | ||||||||
Date: | 2025 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Strahlentherapie > Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie | ||||||||
Subjects: | Medical sciences Medicine | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 4 April 2025 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/78336 |
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