Qiu, Jingde (2016). A study of mutual antagonism between EDS1 and transcription factor MYC2 in Arabidopsis immunity. PhD thesis, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research.
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Abstract
Intracellular immune signaling plays an important role in modulating plant defense responses against pathogens. Arabidopsis nucleo-cytoplasmic protein EDS1 (Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1), together with its sequence-related signaling partners, PAD4 (Phytoalexin-Deficient4) and SAG101 (Senescence-Associated Gene101), is essential for transcriptional reprogramming during intracellular signaling in basal and TNL (TIR-NB-LRR) receptor-triggered immunity. EDS1 regulates both SA (salicylic acid)-dependent and SA-independent pathways in immune responses. Interactions between TNLs and EDS1 place EDS1 as a bridge between TNLs and induced transcriptional reprogramming in cells. How EDS1 signaling is regulated and which molecular events connect EDS1 to transcriptional defense reprogramming are still unclear. A genetic screen was used to identify suppressors of Arabidopsis eds1-2 hypersusceptibility to Pst (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) DC3000 avrRps4 with the purpose to identify potential components of EDS1 signaling in immunity. Bacterial effector avrRps4 is recognized by the paired Arabidopsis TNL receptors RRS1 (Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum1)/RPS4 (Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae4). I identified seven mutants with restored resistance to Pst DC3000 avrRps4. Among these, four mutants contain different mutations in COI1 (Coronatine-Insensitive1). Further analysis of several mutants suggests that four different signaling pathways can compensate for defects of eds1-2 in defense responses in Arabidopsis. Because COI1 is essential for activating JA (jasmonic acid) signaling which antagonizes SA (salicylic acid), I hypothesized that EDS1 negatively regulates JA signaling in order to promote SA resistance. In transient expression assays, EDS1, PAD4 and SAG101 formed complexes with MYC2-family transcription factors (TFs) which regulate an important JA signaling branch. EDS1-MYC2 association was found to interfere with MYC2 transcriptional activity in transient expression assays. This is the first evidence that EDS1 regulates transcriptional reprogramming through association with TFs such as MYC2. Because EDS1 interferes with MYC2 transcriptional activity, I tested whether MYC2 reciprocally affects EDS1 protein and/or gene expression. MYC2 specifically suppressed EDS1 promoter activity independently of MYC2-binding G-box and G-box-related motifs but, surprisingly, requiring MYC2 bHLH domain DNA-binding activity. After exogenous application of a bacterial mimic of bioactive JA, coronatine (COR), MYC2-family TFs were found to act redundantly to repress EDS1 expression. This repressive function on EDS1 was manifested in Arabidopsis protoplasts transient assays and at an early stage of Pst DC3000 infection and was not detectable at the late infection stage, probably due to activated EDS1 signaling. In summary, results presented in this thesis reveal a new and important level of regulation of immunity and SA-JA pathway balance by mutual antagonism between EDS1- and MYC2-dependent processes.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-78503 | ||||||||||||||||||
Date: | 10 October 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Institute for Genetics | ||||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences |
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Date of oral exam: | 9 December 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Funders: | China Scholarship Council | ||||||||||||||||||
Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/7850 |
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