Peek, Irina (2018). Functional and structural characterization of the Drosophila gene smallish during epithelial morphogenesis. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Epithelial cells adhere to each other in a dynamic fashion, allowing the cells to change their shape and move along each other during morphogenesis. The regulation of adhesion occurs at the apical side through the belt-shaped adherens junctions at the zonula adherens (ZA). Junction formation depends on components of the polarity regulating Par–atypical PKC (Par-aPKC) complex in Drosophila. In this work the LIM protein Smallish (Smash), the orthologue of vertebrate LMO7 and binding partner of the Par-complex core component Baz was characterized. Animals lacking Smash show reduced cell bond tension and loss of planar cell polarity leading to severe defects during embryonic morphogenesis of epithelial tissues and organs. These defects are characterized by uncoordinated formation of epithelial invaginations and furrows. Consequently, the loss of smash causes semilethality, whereby rescue experiments indicate that the C-terminus, containing the conserved LIM domain and PDZ binding motif, is essential for Smash function. The data of this work established Smash as a key regulator of morphogenesis coordinating planar cell polarity and actomyosin contractility at the ZA. This regulation is achieved by interaction with a variety of regulatory proteins and kinases that localize at the ZA, including Baz, Src42A and the actin binding proteins Shrm and Cno. Smash seems to be involved in Rho signaling affecting the phosphorylation state of the regulatory subunit of nonmuscle myosin II, Sqh, through its associated kinase Rok. The results of this work suggest that Smash regulates cell adhesion and cell bond tension dependent processes by acting as a scaffold protein in a multiprotein complex and serving as cofactor to provide substrate specificity between kinase and substrate.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-95027 | ||||||||
Date: | 13 December 2018 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Institute for Genetics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences |
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Date of oral exam: | 22 February 2019 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/9502 |
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