Universität zu Köln

Bosco, F., Beuther, H., Ahmadi, A., Mottram, J. C., Kuiper, R., Linz, H., Maud, L., Winters, J. M., Henning, T., Feng, S., Peters, T., Semenov, D., Klaassen, P. D., Schilke, P., Urquhart, J. S., Beltran, M. T., Lumsden, S. L., Leurini, S., Moscadelli, L., Cesaroni, R., Sanchez-Monge, A., Palau, A., Pudritz, R., Wyrowski, F. and Longmore, S. (2019). Fragmentation, rotation, and outflows in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951 A case study of the IRAM NOEMA large program CORE. Astron. Astrophys., 629. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. The formation process of high-mass stars (>8 M-circle dot) is poorly constrained, particularly the effects of clump fragmentation creating multiple systems and the mechanism of mass accretion onto the cores. Aims. We study the fragmentation of dense gas clumps, and trace the circumstellar rotation and outflows by analyzing observations of the high-mass (similar to 500 M-circle dot) star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951. Methods. Using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) in three configurations and the IRAM 30 m single-dish telescope at 220 GHz, we probe the gas and dust emission at an angular resolution of similar to 0.45 '', corresponding to 1900 au. Results. In the millimeter (mm) continuum emission, we identify a protostellar cluster with at least four mm-sources, where three of them show a significantly higher peak intensity well above a signal-to-noise ratio of 100. Hierarchical fragmentation from large to small spatial scales is discussed. Two fragments are embedded in rotating structures and drive molecular outflows, traced by (CO)-C-13 (2-1) emission. The velocity profiles across two of the cores are similar to Keplerian but are missing the highest-velocity components close to the center of rotation, which is a common phenomena from observations like these, and other rotation scenarios are not excluded entirely. Position-velocity diagrams suggest protostellar masses of similar to 6 and 19 M-circle dot. Rotational temperatures from fitting CH3CN (12(K)-11(K)) spectra are used for estimating the gas temperature and thereby also the disk stability against gravitational fragmentation, utilizing Toomre's Q parameter. Assuming that the candidate disk is in Keplerian rotation about the central stellar object and considering different disk inclination angles, we identify only one candidate disk as being unstable against gravitational instability caused by axisymmetric perturbations. Conclusions. The dominant sources cover different evolutionary stages within the same maternal gas clump. The appearance of rotation and outflows of the cores are similar to those found in low-mass star-forming regions.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bosco, F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Beuther, H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ahmadi, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mottram, J. C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kuiper, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Linz, H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Maud, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Winters, J. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Henning, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Feng, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Peters, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Semenov, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Klaassen, P. D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schilke, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Urquhart, J. S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Beltran, M. T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lumsden, S. L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Leurini, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Moscadelli, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cesaroni, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sanchez-Monge, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Palau, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pudritz, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wyrowski, F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Longmore, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-143974
DOI:	10.1051/0004-6361/201935318
Journal or Publication Title:	Astron. Astrophys.
Volume:	629
Date:	2019
Publisher:	EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication:	LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN:	1432-0746
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute of Physics I
Subjects:	Physics
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; MOLECULAR-SPECTROSCOPY; COLOGNE DATABASE; BIPOLAR FLOWS; H2O MASERS; ACCRETION; DISK; EMISSION; SIMULATIONS; EXCITATION Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/14397