Guenther, E. W., Barragan, O., Dai, F., Gandolfi, D., Hirano, T., Fridlund, M., Fossati, L., Chau, A., Helled, R., Korth, J., Prieto-Arranz, J., Nespral, D., Antoniciello, G., Deeg, H., Hjorth, M., Grziwa, S., Albrecht, S., Hatzes, A. P., Rauer, H., Csizmadia, Sz., Smith, A. M. S., Cabrera, J., Narita, N., Arriagada, P., Burt, J., Butler, R. P., Cochran, W. D., Crane, J. D., Eigmueller, Ph., Erikson, A., Johnson, J. A., Kiilerich, A., Kubyshkina, D., Palle, E., Persson, C. M., Paetzold, M., Sabotta, S., Sato, B., Shectman, St. A., Teske, J. K., Thompson, I. B., Van Eylen, V., Nowak, G., Vanderburg, A., Winn, J. N. and Wittenmyer, R. A. (2017). K2-106, a system containing a metal-rich planet and a planet of lower density. Astron. Astrophys., 608. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Aims. Planets in the mass range from 2 to 15 M-circle plus are very diverse. Some of them have low densities, while others are very dense. By measuring the masses and radii, the mean densities, structure, and composition of the planets are constrained. These parameters also give us important information about their formation and evolution, and about possible processes for atmospheric loss. Methods. We determined the masses, radii, and mean densities for the two transiting planets orbiting K2-106. The inner planet has an ultra-short period of 0.57 days. The period of the outer planet is 13.3 days. Results. Although the two planets have similar masses, their densities are very different. For K2-106b we derive M-b = 8.36(-0:94)(+0:96) M-circle plus, R-b = 1.52 +/- 0.16 R-circle plus, and a high density of 13.1(-3.6)(+5.4) g cm(-3). For K2-106c, we find M-c = 5.8(-3.0)(+3.3) M-circle plus, R-c = 2.50(-0.26)(+0.27) R-circle plus and a relatively low density of 2.0(-1.1)(+1.6) g cm(-3). Conclusions. Since the system contains two planets of almost the same mass, but di ff erent distances from the host star, it is an excellent laboratory to study atmospheric escape. In agreement with the theory of atmospheric-loss processes, it is likely that the outer planet has a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. The mass and radius of the inner planet is in agreement with theoretical models predicting an iron core containing 80(-30)(+20) % of its mass. Such a high metal content is surprising, particularly given that the star has an ordinary (solar) metal abundance. We discuss various possible formation scenarios for this unusual planet.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Guenther, E. W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Barragan, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dai, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hirano, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fridlund, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fossati, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Chau, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Helled, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Korth, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Prieto-Arranz, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nespral, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Antoniciello, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deeg, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hjorth, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grziwa, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Albrecht, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hatzes, A. P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rauer, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Csizmadia, Sz.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, A. M. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cabrera, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Narita, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Arriagada, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Burt, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Butler, R. P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cochran, W. D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Crane, J. D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eigmueller, Ph.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Erikson, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johnson, J. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kiilerich, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kubyshkina, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palle, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Persson, C. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paetzold, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sabotta, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sato, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shectman, St. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Teske, J. K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Thompson, I. B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Van Eylen, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nowak, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vanderburg, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Winn, J. N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wittenmyer, R. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-208019
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201730885
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. Astrophys.
Volume: 608
Date: 2017
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication: LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN: 1432-0746
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
RADIAL-VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS; SHORT-PERIOD PLANETS; SUPER-EARTHS; STARS; MASS; SPECTROGRAPH; EXOPLANET; PARAMETERS; TELESCOPE; MISSIONMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/20801

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