Universität zu Köln

Peissker, Florian ORCID: 0000-0002-9850-2708, Eckart, Andreas ORCID: 0000-0001-6049-3132, Zajacek, Michal ORCID: 0000-0001-6450-1187, Ali, Basel and Parsa, Marzieh (2020). S62 and S4711: Indications of a Population of Faint Fast-moving Stars inside the S2 Orbit-S4711 on a 7.6 yr Orbit around Sgr A*. Astrophys. J., 899 (1). BRISTOL: IOP PUBLISHING LTD. ISSN 1538-4357

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Abstract

We present high-pass filtered NACO and SINFONI images of the newly discovered stars S4711-S4715 between 2004 and 2016. Our deepH+K-band (SINFONI) andK-band (NACO) data show the S-cluster star S4711 on a highly eccentric trajectory around Sgr A* with an orbital period of 7.6 yr and a periapse distance of 144 au to the supermassive black hole (SMBH). S4711 is hereby the star with the shortest orbital period and the smallest mean distance to the SMBH during its orbit to date. The used high-pass filtered images are based on coadded data sets to improve the signal to noise. The spectroscopic SINFONI data let us determine detailed stellar properties of S4711 like the mass and the rotational velocity. The faint S-cluster star candidates, S4712-S4715, can be observed in a projected distance to Sgr A* of at least temporarily <= 120 mas. From these stars, S4714 is the most prominent, with an orbital period of 12 yr and an eccentricity of 0.985. The stars S4712-S4715 show similar properties, with magnitudes and stellar masses comparable to those of S4711. The MCMC simulations determine confidently precise uncertainties for the orbital elements of S62 and S4711-S4715. The presence of S4711 in addition to S55, S62, and the also newly found star S4714 implies a population of faint stars that can be found at distances to Sgr A* that are comparable to the size of our solar system. These short orbital time period stars in the dense cluster around the SMBH in the center of our Galaxy are perfect candidates to observe gravitational effects such as the periapse shift.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Peissker, Florian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-2708 UNSPECIFIED Eckart, Andreas UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6049-3132 UNSPECIFIED Zajacek, Michal UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-1187 UNSPECIFIED Ali, Basel UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Parsa, Marzieh UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-324727
DOI:	10.3847/1538-4357/ab9c1c
Journal or Publication Title:	Astrophys. J.
Volume:	899
Number:	1
Date:	2020
Publisher:	IOP PUBLISHING LTD
Place of Publication:	BRISTOL
ISSN:	1538-4357
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute of Physics I
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; STELLAR PROPER MOTIONS; GALACTIC-CENTER; VICINITY Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/32472