Universität zu Köln

Eggermont, Jos J. and Tass, Peter A. (2015). Maladaptive neual synchrony in tinnitus: origin and restoration. Front. Neurol., 6. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. ISSN 1664-2295

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Abstract

Tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound heard in the absence of physical sound sources external or internal to the body, reflected in aberrant neural synchrony of spontaneous or resting-state brain activity. Neural synchrony is generated by the nearly simultaneous firing of individual neurons, of the synchronization of membrane-potential changes in local neural groups as reflected in the local field potentials, resulting in the presence of oscillatory brain waves in the EEG. Noise-induced hearing loss, often resulting in tinnitus, causes a reorganization of the tonotopic map in auditory cortex and increased spontaneous firing rates and neural synchrony. Spontaneous brain rhythms rely on neural synchrony. Abnormal neural synchrony in tinnitus appears to be confined to specific frequency bands of brain rhythms. Increases in delta-band activity are generated by deafferented/deprived neuronal networks resulting from hearing loss. Coordinated reset (CR) stimulation was developed in order to specifically counteract such abnormal neuronal synchrony by desynchronization. The goal of acoustic CR neuromodulation is to desynchronize tinnitus-related abnormal delta-band oscillations. CR neuromodulation does not require permanent stimulus delivery in order to achieve long-lasting desynchronization or even a full-blown anti-kindling but may have cumulative effects, i.e., the effect of different CR epochs separated by pauses may accumulate. Unlike other approaches, acoustic CR neuromodulation does not intend to reduce tinnitus-related neuronal activity by employing lateral inhibition. The potential efficacy of acoustic CR modulation was shown in a clinical proof of concept trial, where effects achieved in 12 weeks of treatment delivered 4-6 h/day persisted through a preplanned 4-week therapy pause and showed sustained long-term effects after 10 months of therapy, leading to 75% responders.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Eggermont, Jos J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Tass, Peter A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-407389
DOI:	10.3389/fneur.2015.00029
Journal or Publication Title:	Front. Neurol.
Volume:	6
Date:	2015
Publisher:	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Place of Publication:	LAUSANNE
ISSN:	1664-2295
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language PRIMARY AUDITORY-CORTEX; COORDINATED RESET NEUROMODULATION; ENRICHED ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT; SPONTANEOUS NEURAL ACTIVITY; LOCAL-FIELD POTENTIALS; CAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX; NOISE TRAUMA; HEARING-LOSS; COCHLEAR NUCLEUS; PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION Multiple languages Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/40738