Universität zu Köln

Schlereth, Simona L., Neuser, Barbara, Herwig, Martina C., Mueller, Annette M., Koch, Konrad R., Reitsamer, Herbert A., Schroedl, Falk, Cursiefen, Claus and Heindl, Ludwig M. (2014). Absence of lymphatic vessels in the developing human sclera. Exp. Eye Res., 125. S. 203 - 210. LONDON: ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 1096-0007

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Abstract

The adult sclera is free of lymphatic vessels, but contains a net of blood vessels. Whether and when this selectively lymphangiogenic privilege is achieved during embryologic development is not known yet. Therefore, we investigated the developing human sclera for blood- and lymphatic vessels in 34 abortions/stillborns (12-38 weeks of gestation). The probes were subdivided into three groups (group 1: 12-18 weeks of gestation, n = 10; group 2: 19-23 weeks of gestation, n = 13; group 3: 24-38 weeks of gestation, n = 11), and prepared for paraffin sections followed by immunohistochemistry against CD31 to detect blood vessels, and against lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE1)/podoplanin to detect lymphatic vessels. We could show, that in the human episclera distinct CD31 + blood vessels are present as early as week of gestation 13. Their amount increased during pregnancy, whereas stromal CD31 + blood vessels were elevated in early pregnancy and regressed with ongoing pregnancy. In the lamina fusca CD31 + blood vessels were absent at any time point investigated. Single LYVE1 + cells were identified primarily in the episclera; their amount decreased significantly with increasing gestational ages (group 1 compared to group 3: p < 0.01). However, LYVE1+/podoplanin + lymphatic vessels were not detectable in the sclera at any gestational ages analyzed. In contrast to the conjunctiva where LYVE1+/podoplanin + lymphatic vessels were detectable as early as week 17, the amount of LYVE1 + cells in the sclera was highest in early pregnancy (group 1), with a significant decrease during continuing pregnancy (p < 0.001). These findings are the first evidence for a fetal lymphangiogenic privilege of the sclera and show, that the fetal human sclera contains CD31 + blood vessels, but is primarily alymphatic. Our findings suggest a strong expression of selectively antilymphangiogenic factors, making the developing sclera a potential model to discern antilymphangiogenic mechanisms. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Schlereth, Simona L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Neuser, Barbara UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Herwig, Martina C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mueller, Annette M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Koch, Konrad R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Reitsamer, Herbert A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schroedl, Falk UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cursiefen, Claus UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Heindl, Ludwig M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-432752
DOI:	10.1016/j.exer.2014.06.010
Journal or Publication Title:	Exp. Eye Res.
Volume:	125
Page Range:	S. 203 - 210
Date:	2014
Publisher:	ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication:	LONDON
ISSN:	1096-0007
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language TUMOR-ASSOCIATED LYMPHANGIOGENESIS; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; CILIARY-BODY-MELANOMAS; EXTRAOCULAR-EXTENSION; MALIGNANT MELANOMAS; BABY RATS; MACROPHAGES; CORNEAL; MOUSE; REJECTION Multiple languages Ophthalmology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/43275