Universität zu Köln

Fehren-Schmitz, Lars, Haak, Wolfgang ORCID: 0000-0003-2475-2007, Maechtle, Bertil, Masch, Florian, Llamas, Bastien ORCID: 0000-0002-5550-9176, Tomasto Cagigao, Elsa, Sossna, Volker ORCID: 0000-0003-3773-043X, Schittek, Karsten, Isla Cuadrado, Johny, Eitel, Bernhard and Reindel, Markus (2014). Climate change underlies global demographic, genetic, and cultural transitions in pre-Columbian southern Peru. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 111 (26). S. 9443 - 9449. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES. ISSN 0027-8424

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Abstract

Several archaeological studies in the Central Andes have pointed at the temporal coincidence of climatic fluctuations (both long- and short-term) and episodes of cultural transition and changes of socioeconomic structures throughout the pre-Columbian period. Although most scholars explain the connection between environmental and cultural changes by the impact of climatic alterations on the capacities of the ecosystems inhabited by pre-Columbian cultures, direct evidence for assumed demographic consequences is missing so far. In this study, we address directly the impact of climatic changes on the spatial population dynamics of the Central Andes. We use a large dataset of pre-Columbian mitochondrial DNA sequences from the northern Rio Grande de Nasca drainage (RGND) in southern Peru, dating from similar to 840 BC to 1450 AD. Alternative demographic scenarios are tested using Bayesian serial coalescent simulations in an approximate Bayesian computational framework. Our results indicate migrations from the lower coastal valleys of southern Peru into the Andean highlands coincident with increasing climate variability at the end of the Nasca culture at similar to 640 AD. We also find support for a back-migration from the highlands to the coast coincident with droughts in the southeastern Andean highlands and improvement of climatic conditions on the coast after the decline of the Wari and Tiwanaku empires (similar to 1200 AD), leading to a genetic homogenization in the RGND and probably southern Peru as a whole.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Fehren-Schmitz, Lars UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Haak, Wolfgang UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-2007 UNSPECIFIED Maechtle, Bertil UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Masch, Florian UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Llamas, Bastien UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-9176 UNSPECIFIED Tomasto Cagigao, Elsa UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sossna, Volker UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-3773-043X UNSPECIFIED Schittek, Karsten UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Isla Cuadrado, Johny UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Eitel, Bernhard UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Reindel, Markus UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-435447
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1403466111
Journal or Publication Title:	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
Volume:	111
Number:	26
Page Range:	S. 9443 - 9449
Date:	2014
Publisher:	NATL ACAD SCIENCES
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	0027-8424
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HUNTER-GATHERERS; ATACAMA DESERT; ANCIENT DNA; PALPA; PRECIPITATION; MITOCHONDRIAL; ENVIRONMENT; CHRONOLOGY; NETWORKS Multiple languages Multidisciplinary Sciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/43544