Universität zu Köln

Bacmann, A., Caux, E., Hily-Blant, P., Parise, B., Pagani, L., Bottinelli, S., Maret, S., Vastel, C., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Henning, T., Castets, A., Coutens, A., Bergin, E. A., Blake, G. A., Crimier, N., Demyk, K., Dominik, C., Gerin, M., Hennebelle, P., Kahane, C., Klotz, A., Melnick, G., Schilke, P., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Baudry, A., Bell, T., Benedettini, M., Boogert, A., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Codella, C., Comito, C., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Goldsmith, P. F., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Jacq, T., Kama, M., Langer, W., Lefloch, B., Lis, D., Lord, S., Lorenzani, A., Neufeld, D., Nisini, B., Pacheco, S., Pearson, J., Phillips, T., Salez, M., Saraceno, P., Schuster, K., Tielens, X., van der Tak, F. F. S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., Viti, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H., Faure, A., Benz, A., Coeur-Joly, O., Cros, A., Guesten, R. and Ravera, L. (2010). First detection of ND in the solar-mass protostar IRAS16293-2422. Astron. Astrophys., 521. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 0004-6361

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Abstract

Context. In the past decade, much progress has been made in characterising the processes leading to the enhanced deuterium fractionation observed in the ISM and in particular in the cold, dense parts of star forming regions such as protostellar envelopes. Very high molecular D/H ratios have been found for saturated molecules and ions. However, little is known about the deuterium fractionation in radicals, even though simple radicals often represent an intermediate stage in the formation of more complex, saturated molecules. The imidogen radical NH is such an intermediate species for the ammonia synthesis in the gas phase. Many of these light molecules however have their fundamental transitions in the submillimetre domain and their detection is hampered by the opacity of the atmosphere at these wavelengths. Herschel/HIFI represents a unique opportunity to study the deuteration and formation mechanisms of species not observable from the ground. Aims. We searched here for the deuterated radical ND in order to determine the deuterium fractionation of imidogen and constrain the deuteration mechanism of this species. Methods. We observed the solar-mass Class 0 protostar IRAS16293-2422 with the heterodyne instrument HIFI in Bands 1a (480-560 GHz), 3b (858-961 GHz), and 4a (949-1061 GHz) as part of the Herschel key programme CHESS (Chemical HErschel Survey of Star forming regions). Results. The deuterated form of the imidogen radical ND was detected and securely identified with 2 hyperfine component groups of its fundamental transition (N = 0-1) at 522.1 and 546.2 GHz, in absorption against the continuum background emitted from the nascent protostar. The 3 groups of hyperfine components of its hydrogenated counterpart NH were also detected in absorption. The absorption arises from the cold envelope, where many deuterated species have been shown to be abundant. The estimated column densities are similar to 2 x 10(14) cm(-2) for NH and similar to 1.3 x 10(14) cm(-2) for ND. We derive a very high deuterium fractionation with an [ND]/[NH] ratio of between 30 and 100%. Conclusions. The deuterium fractionation of imidogen is of the same order of magnitude as that in other molecules, which suggests that an efficient deuterium fractionation mechanism is at play. We discuss two possible formation pathways for ND, by means of either the reaction of N+ with HD, or deuteron/proton exchange with NH.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bacmann, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Caux, E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hily-Blant, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Parise, B. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pagani, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bottinelli, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Maret, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Vastel, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ceccarelli, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cernicharo, J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Henning, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Castets, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Coutens, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bergin, E. A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Blake, G. A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Crimier, N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Demyk, K. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Dominik, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gerin, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hennebelle, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kahane, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Klotz, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Melnick, G. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schilke, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wakelam, V. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Walters, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Baudry, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bell, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Benedettini, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Boogert, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cabrit, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Caselli, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Codella, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Comito, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Encrenaz, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Falgarone, E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fuente, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Goldsmith, P. F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Helmich, F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Herbst, E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Jacq, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kama, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Langer, W. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lefloch, B. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lis, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lord, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lorenzani, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Neufeld, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Nisini, B. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pacheco, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pearson, J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Phillips, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Salez, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Saraceno, P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schuster, K. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Tielens, X. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED van der Tak, F. F. S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED van der Wiel, M. H. D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Viti, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wyrowski, F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Yorke, H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Faure, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Benz, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Coeur-Joly, O. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cros, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Guesten, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ravera, L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-494661
DOI:	10.1051/0004-6361/201015102
Journal or Publication Title:	Astron. Astrophys.
Volume:	521
Date:	2010
Publisher:	EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication:	LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN:	0004-6361
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DOUBLY DEUTERATED FORMALDEHYDE; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; DEUTERIUM FRACTIONATION; MOLECULAR-SPECTROSCOPY; COLOGNE DATABASE; CORES; TRANSITION; METHANOL; AMMONIA; CDMS Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/49466